Lesson 2

The Rise of Insanity

1. How did religion contribute to the early development of psychology?

1. How did philosophy contribute to the early development of psychology?

1. How did biology contribute to the early development of psychology?

1. How did psychology's history undermine confidence in psychological science?

1. How did psychology's history foster misunderstandings about people suffering from mental illness?

1. How did psychology's history undermine confidence in treatments for mental illness?

What WasLife Likein an Asylum?

1. How did the medical community refer to mental illness across time?

1. Whatwereearly mental health treatments?

1. Who was housed in asylums and why were they there?

1. Why did the medical community move from the term "lunacy" to the term "insanity" and from the term "asylum" to the term "hospital"?

1. What caused the transition in the medical model that led to better treatment for people in asylums/hospitals?

1. Why were early asylums used to confine people (not treat them) to manage social control?

1. What is moral treatment and what did it involve?

1. What did Nelly Bly do and why was it important?

1. What were sexual surgeries and why were they done?

1. Explain how early understandings of the causes of mental illness could have benefit from a more scientific approach to understanding.

1. How did changes in nursing affect the lives of early mental health professionals working in asylums/hospitals?

1. What did Nelly Bly do and why was it important?

1. What were sexual surgeries and why were they done?

1. Explain how early understandings of the causes of mental illness could have benefit from a more scientific approach to understanding.

1. How did changes in nursing affect the lives of early mental health professionals working in asylums/hospitals?

History of Mental Illness

1. Throughout history, there have been three general theories of etiology of mental illness. What are they? Describe each.

1. What is trephination? With which of the three general theories of etiology of mental illness is it associated?

1. What is hysteria? With which of the three general theories of etiology of mental illness is it associated?

1. Greek physicians were most likely to adopt which theory of etiology of mental illness?

1. Hippocrates classified mental illness into what four categories?

1. Who opened the door for psychogenic explanations for mental illness? How did he do this?

1. In the 13thcentury the mentally ill began to be persecuted as witches. The reason why is based on which theory of the etiology of mental illness?

1. In addition to housing the mentally ill, early asylums housed and confined what other types of people?

1. Why did governments begin housing "undesirable" in asylums? These people were housed in exchange for what? What types of treatments were used?

1. During this time, how was insanity viewed? Why did people believe that instilling fear was the best was to restore a disordered mind to reason?

1. Why do the authors believe that a more humanitarian view of mental illness arose during the 18thand 19thcenturies?

1. What was different about Tuke's York Retreat?

1. The mental hygiene movement was based on which theory of the etiology of mental illness?

1. What was the dominant psychogenic treatment for mental illness during the first half of the 20thcentury?

1. According to the authors, two etiological theories coexist today. Which two? How do they coexist?

1. Why is a standardized diagnostic classification system with agreed-upon definitions of psychological disorders important?

1. What is the DSM? Why do the authors consider it to be imperfect?