level of activity. 19(akso called a cost driver) is a measure of what ti U incurrence of variable costs. (also called a cost driver) is a measure of what causes the 0. Fd otA cost that remains constant, in total, regardless of changes in the level of the activity. 21. represent investments with a multi-year planning horizon that cannot be easily adjusted in the short term. 22. Oisuretonaly Fixeusually arise from annual decisions by management and they can be easily reduced in the short term