Like any time-sharing system, Linux achieves the magical effect of an apparent simultaneous execution of multiple processes by switching from one process to another in a very short time frame.

(a) What is a daemon process?

(5 marks)

(b) Differentiate between background process and foreground process with sample commands.

(10 marks)

(d) In a secure multi-user environment like Linux, access rights on a file or folder are defined. Given below is a single entry from the result generated for a 'ls -l'. Explain each of the components.

rwxr--r-- 3 aira linux22 281 Jan 11 10:34 directory

(10 marks)