Managers making ethical decisions may belong to any of the three levels of moral development. Which of the following stages describes the conventional level of moral development?

(a) Following rules only when it is in ones immediate interest

(b) Valuing rights of others and upholding absolute values and rights, regardless of the majority's opinion

(c) Sticking to rules to avoid physical punishment

(d) Living up to what is expected by people who are close to oneself

(e) Following self-chosen ethical principles even if they violate the law.