Marketing Consumer Behavior

Q14. A religious person who has taken a vow of celibacy would not necessarily agree that physiological needs must be satisfied before self-actualization needs are addressed. What does this example say about Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

1. The theory is wrong.
2. The theory is accurate for higher needs, but doesn't seem to account well for more basic needs.
3. The hierarchy is often culture-bound.
4. Psychogenic needs overwhelm biogenic needs.

Q15. Tim is tired of the numerous breakdowns and peeling paint on his old car. When Tim begins to actively think about his car in this way, which of the following consumer decision-making process steps is Tim going through?

1. Information search.
2. Evaluation of alternatives.
3. Problem recognition.
4. Product choice.

Q16. Sam is sitting in a class that precedes lunch. His stomach begins to rumble and grumble. Instead of thinking about the day's lecture, Sam begins to think about lunch and his choice of places to eat. He even begins to narrow down the selection of foods that he might want for lunch. Sam is focusing on biological needs that are at present unfulfilled and have produced what might be thought of as an unpleasant state of arousal. Which of the following theories best describes Sam's experience?

1. Expectancy theory
2. Drive theory
3. Affect theory
4. Cognitive theory