MULTIPLE CHOICE:

31. Bureaucratically controlled companies:

a. place minimal emphasis on policies and procedures.

b. are slow in responding to customers and competitors.

c. are most likely to have a decentralized organizational structure.

d. tend to encourage a hands-off leadership style.

e. tend to be very adaptable.

32. Which of the following is a method that companies use to determine standards?

a. Adapting

b. Downsizing

c. Benchmarking

d. Divesting

e. Deskilliing

33. Which of the following is NOT a control method?

a. Feedback control

b. Objective control

c. Self-dealing

d. Feedforward control

e. Feedback loop analysis

34. Which of the following statements is true of team development?

a. The development stages are forming, storming, norming, and performing.

b. Group cohesion is relatively strong at the storming stage.

c. Team performance begins to decline at the norming stage.

d. Storming is the first stage of team development.

e. Positive team norms first start developing in the performing stage.

35. A decision support system (DSS) _____.

a. is broad in scope

b. speeds up and simplifies the acquisition of information

c. permits managers to retrieve all kinds of information about a company

d. is designed to deal with all types of problems

e. allows managers to better understand a problem and its potential solutions

36. _____ is a technique of understanding a speaker's perspective and personal frame of reference and giving feedback that conveys that understanding to the speaker.

a. Reflective hearing

b. Symbiotic listening

c. Active listening

d. Empathetic listening

e. Non-confrontational listening

37. Coaching is a method commonly used _____.

a. to improve how managers communicate with their superiors

b. by managers in exit interviews

c. by managers to improve an employee's on-the-job performance

d. to render negative reinforcement obsolete

e. to design functionally efficient two-way systems of communication

38. In nonverbal communication, the term _____ refer to movements of the body and face.

a. kinesics

b. proxemics

c. semantics

d. mnemonics

e. semitones

39. The two types of visionary leadership are _____.

a. tactical leadership and charismatic leadership

b. charismatic leadership and transformational leadership

c. situational leadership and transactional leadership

d. transformational leadership and transactional leadership

e. situational leadership and strategic leadership

40. _____ is the ability to anticipate, envision, maintain flexibility, and work with others to initiate change that will create a positive future for an organization.

a. Strategic leadership

b. Initiating leadership

c. Autocratic leadership

d. Progressive leadership

e. Empathetic leadership

41. A study was conducted by a company on how leadership behavior influences employees' attitude toward their job. It was found that it is important for leaders to be friendly with and to show concern for their employees to promote job satisfaction. Which of the following leadership behaviors is emphasized in this scenario?

a. Compliance

b. Achievement orientation

c. Consideration

d. Initiating structure

e. Task orientation

42. A(n) _____ is the set of rules regarding reinforcement contingencies, such as which behaviors will be reinforced, which consequences will follow those behaviors, and the schedule by which those consequences will be delivered.

a. reinforcement contingency

b. instrument of reinforcement

c. schedule of reinforcement

d. expectancy of reinforcement

e. reinforcement program

43. Which of the following is NOT a basic component of goal-setting theory?

a. Performance feedback

b. Goal congruity

c. Goal specificity

d. Goal difficulty

e. Goal acceptance

44. _____ is the process of changing behavior by changing the consequences that follow behavior.

a. Consequential modification

b. Behavioral substantiation

c. Valence manipulation

d. Instrumentality

e. Reinforcement

45. Which of the following is NOT an example of a diversity principle that will help managers do a better job of managing company diversity?

a. Treat group differences as important but not special.

b. Set high but realistic goals.

c. Tailor opportunities to groups and not individuals.

d. Find the common ground.

e. Follow and enforce federal and state laws regarding equal opportunity employment.

46. The primary benefit of the _____ is that it generally brings about fairer treatment of employees and increases demographic diversity.

a. discrimination and fairness paradigm

b. access and legitimacy paradigm

c. learning and effectiveness paradigm

d. personal integration paradigm

e. sociocultural paradigm

47. Which of the following job positions most likely requires people with high degree of emotional stability??

a. Car mechanic

b. Landscape designer

c. 911 operator

d. Electrician

e. Meteorologist

48. If an employer were to use only one type of selection test, which of the following tests should he use?

a. Achievement test

b. Personality test

c. Cognitive ability test

d. Work sample test

e. Aptitude test

49. Which of the following questions is deemed acceptable for employers to ask applicants during the selection process?

a. Are you a United States citizen?

b. Have you ever filed a lawsuit against an employer?

c. Have you ever been convicted of a crime?

d. Do you smoke or use tobacco products?

e. Do you have children?

50. Before beginning to recruit job applicants, organizations must _____.

a. advertise for job candidates

b. promote the existing employees

c. conduct a job analysis

d. introduce new product lines

e. organize internal job posting