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project$-3$

You will be writing a Library simulator involving multiple classes. You will write the LibraryItem, Patron and Library classes, and the three classes that inherit from LibraryItem $($Book$,$ Album and Movie$).$ All data members of each class should be marked as private $($a leading underscore in the name$).$ Since they're private, if you need to access them from outside the class, you should do so via get or set methods. Any get or set methods should be named per the usual convention $("$get$\_"$ or "set$\_"$ followed by the name of the data member$).$

You MUST: Create two books; Create two patrons; Add books and patrons to library holdings$/$membership; Increment date, have patron pay fine, check fine amount.

Here are descriptions of the three classes:

LibraryItem:

A LibraryItem object represents a library item that a patron can check out from a library. It has six data members:

library$\_$item$\_$id $-$ a unique identifier for a LibraryItem $-$ you can assume uniqueness, you don't have to enforce it

title $-$ cannot be assumed to be unique

location $-$ a LibraryItem can be $"$ON$\_$SHELF", $"$ON$\_$HOLD$\_$SHELF", or "CHECKED$\_$OUT"

checked$\_$out$\_$by $-$ refers to the Patron who has it checked out $($if any$)$

requested$\_$by $-$ refers to the Patron who has requested it $($if any$)$; a LibraryItem can only be requested by one Patron at a time

date$\_$checked$\_$out $-$ when a LibraryItem is checked out, this will be set to the current$\_$date of the Library

The LibraryItem methods are:

init method $-$ takes a library item ID and title as parameters; checked$\_$out$\_$by and requested$\_$by should be initialized to None; a new LibraryItem's location should be on the shelf

get$\_$location returns the Library Item's location

other get and set methods as needed

Book$/$Album$/$Movie:

These three classes all inherit from LibraryItem

All three will need an additional data member. For Book, it's a string called author. For Album, it's a string called artist. For Movie, it's a string called director

Each of the new data members will need a get method to return its value

All three will need a method called get$\_$check$\_$out$\_$length that returns the number of days that type of library item may be checked out for. For a Book it's $21$ days, for an Album it's $14$ days, and for a Movie it's $7$ days

Patron:

A Patron object represents a patron of a library. It has four data members:

patron$\_$id $-$ a unique identifier for a Patron $-$ you can assume uniqueness, you don't have to enforce it

name $-$ cannot be assumed to be unique

checked$\_$out$\_$items $-$ a collection of LibraryItems that a Patron currently has checked out

fine$\_$amount $-$ how much the Patron owes the Library in late fines $($measured in dollars$)$; this is allowed to go negative

The Patron methods are:

init method $-$ takes a patron ID and name as parameters

get$\_$fine$\_$amount $-$ returns the fine$\_$amount

other get and set methods as needed

add$\_$library$\_$item $-$ adds the specified LibraryItem to checked$\_$out$\_$items

remove$\_$library$\_$item $-$ removes the specified LibraryItem from checked$\_$out$\_$items

amend$\_$fine $-$ a positive argument increases the fine$\_$amount, a negative one decreases it; this is allowed to go negative

Library:

A Library object represents a library that contains various library items, and is used by various patrons. It has three data members:

holdings $-$ a collection of the LibraryItems that belong to the Library

members $-$ a collection of the Patrons who are members of the Library

current$\_$date $-$ stores the current date represented as an integer number of "days" since the Library object was created

The Library methods are:

an init method that initializes the holdings and members as empty collections and initializes the current$\_$date to zero

add$\_$library$\_$item $-$ takes a LibraryItem object as a parameter and adds it to the holdings

add$\_$patron $-$ takes a Patron object as a parameter and adds it to the members

lookup$\_$library$\_$item$\_$from$\_$id $-$ returns the LibraryItem object corresponding to the ID parameter, or None if no such LibraryItem is in the holdings

lookup$\_$patron$\_$from$\_$id $-$ returns the Patron object corresponding to the ID parameter, or None if no such Patron is a member

check$\_$out$\_$library$\_$item

takes as parameters a patron ID and a library item ID$,$ in that order

if the specified Patron is not in the Library's members, return "patron not found"

if the specified LibraryItem is not in the Library's holdings, return "item not found"

if the specified LibraryItem is already checked out, return "item already checked out"

if the specified LibraryItem is on hold by another Patron, return "item on hold by other patron"

otherwise update the LibraryItem's checked$\_$out$\_$by$,$ date$\_$checked$\_$out and location

if the LibraryItem was on hold for this Patron, update requested$\_$by

update the Patron's checked$\_$out$\_$items

return "check out successful"

return$\_$library$\_$item

takes as its parameter a library item ID

if the specified LibraryItem is not in the Library's holdings, return "item not found"

if the LibraryItem is no