Ozzy recently started working at a new company. He has been solicited several times to join the union of the company, but he would prefer not to. The union officials tell Ozzy that he won't be allowed to keep working unless he joins the union. Which of the following is true?

• The union officials are pretending they have a closed shop and can't influence Ozzy's decision.
• The union can't make Ozzy join the union, but it can require him to pay union dues.
• Ozzy must now join the union because union shops are always legal.
• Ozzy's requirement to join the union depends on his state of employment.