Please answer the following questions down below :

1.How work is organized in a society is important to how human beings relate to each other. According to Emile Durkheim and functionalist theory, which of the following is true about how work creates solidarity and cohesion in society:

a.

Mechanical solidarity exists in simpler (older) societies where social cohesion comes from most people sharing similar work (as well as education level and religion). b.

Organic solidarity arises out of the mutual interdependence created by the specialization of work in newer (modernized) societies. People specialize in different tasks, but they all need each other to finish jobs or get other life necessities (e.g. we need grocery and clothing stores).

c.

Both a. and b. are true.

d.

None of the above.

2.The wage gap refers to the fact that On average, full-time working women make just 77 cents for every dollar a man makes. This significant gap...has real-life consequences." True False

3.G. William Domhoff reports that there is a large gap between the wealthiest people and the average or low-income people. For example, In 2010, the top 1% of households (the upper class) owned 35.4% of all privately held wealth, and the next 19% (the managerial, professional, and small business stratum) had 53.5%. This means that just 20% of the people owned a remarkable 89%, leaving only 11% of the wealth for the bottom 80% (wage and salary workers). True False 4.Between 2000 and 2013, the number of people in the U.S. using SNAP ( Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) decreased. True False

5.The three major eras (or types) of economic development are: a. Agricultural (farming), Industrial (urban factories), and Postindustrial Societies (information) b. Agricultural (farming), Industrial (urban factories), and Capitalism c. Socialism, Industrial (urban factories), and Postindustrial Societies (information) d. None of the above

6.Which of the following is true: a. Capitalism as an economic system in which there is private ownership (as opposed to state ownership) and where there is an impetus to produce profit, and thereby wealth. b. Socialism is an economic system in which there is government ownership of goods and their production, with an impetus to share work and wealth equally among the members of a society. Everyone who contributes to the production of a good or to providing a service is entitled to a share in any benefits that come from its sale or use. c. Market socialism describes a subtype of socialism that adopts certain traits of capitalism, like allowing limited private ownership or consulting market demands. This could involve situations like profits generated by a company going directly to the employees of the company or being used as public funds. Many Eastern European and some South American countries have mixed economies. d. All of the above are true.

7.Modern socialism really began as a reaction to the excesses of uncontrolled industrial capitalism in the 1800s and 1900s. The enormous wealth and lavish lifestyles enjoyed by owners contrasted sharply with the miserable conditions of the workers. True False 8.Globalization refers to the process of integrating governments, cultures, and financial markets through international trade into a single world market. Often, the process begins with a single motive, such as market expansion (on the part of a corporation) or increased access to healthcare (on the part of a nonprofit organization). But usually there is a snowball effect, and globalization becomes a mixed bag of economic, philanthropic, entrepreneurial, and cultural efforts. True False 9.According to Table 18.1, there is a lot of global inequality or "global stratification" in the world. True False

10.According to the text, there is a lot of polarization (extremes) in today's economy (or labor market). Polarization means that a gap has developed in the job market, with most employment opportunities at the lowest and highest levels and few jobs for those with midlevel skills and education. At one end, there has been strong demand for low-skilled, low-paying jobs in industries like food service and retail. On the other end, some research shows that in certain fields there has been a steadily increasing demand for highly skilled and educated professionals, technologists, and managers. These high-skilled positions also tend to be highly paid.

True

False