Please answer what is asked in each problems in number 4, 5, and 6. Thank you!
4. Sound waves from a basketball. An experiment was con- 6. Crude oil biodegradation. Refer to the Journal of Petroleum ducted to characterize sound waves in a spherical cavity. (American Journal of Physics, June , 2010.) A fully inflated Geology (April, 2010) study of the environmental factors basketball. hanging from rubber bands. was struck with a associated with biodegradation in crude oil reservoirs, metal rod. producing a series of metallic sounding pings. Exercise 2.18 (p. 37). Recall that amount of dioxide (mil- Of particular interest were the frequencies of sound waves ligrams/liter) and presence/absence of crude oil was deter- resulting from the first 24 resonances (echoes). A mathe- mined for each of 16 water specimens collected from a mine matical formula, well known in physics, was used to com- pute the theoretical frequencies. These frequencies reservoir. The data are repeated in the accompanying table. (measured in hertz) are listed in the table on page 36. Use a. Find the mean dioxide level of the 16 water specimens. a graphical method to describe the distribution of sound Interpret this value. frequencies for the first 24 resonances. b. Find the median dioxide level of the 16 water speci- BBALL mens. Interpret this value. Resonance Frequency Resonance Frequency C. Find the mode of the 16 dioxide levels. Interpret this 179 13 4334 value. 2 1572 14 4631 d. Find the median dioxide level of the 10 water speci- 3 21 13 4711 mens with no crude oil present. 4 2122 16 4993 e. Find the median dioxide level of the 6 water specimens 2659 17 5130 with crude oil present. 6 2795 18 $210 BIODEG 7 3181 19 5214 3431 20 5633 Dioxide Amount Crude Oil Present 3638 21 5779 3.3 No 10 3694 22 5836 05 Yes 11 4038 23 6259 17 4203 24 1439 1.3 Yes Source: Russell, D.A. "Basketballs as spherical 0.4 Yes woundic cavities". American Journal of Physics, Vol. 48, No. 6. June 2010. (Table 1.) 0.1 No 5. Characteristics of a rock fall. In Environmental Geology 4.0 No (Vol. 58, 2009) computer simulation was employed to 0.3 No estimate how far a block from a collapsing rock wall will bounce-called rebound length-down a soil slope. Based 0.2 Yes on the depth, location, and angle of block-soil impact 2.4 No marks left on the slope from an actual rock fall, the fol- 2.4 No lowing 13 rebound lengths (meters) were estimated. Com- 1.4 No pute the mean and median of the rebound lengths and 0.5 Yes interpret these values. 0.2 Yes ROCKFALL 4.0 No 10.94 13.71 11.38 7.26 17.83 11.92 4.0 No 11.87 5.44 13.35 4.90 5.85 5.10 6.77 4.0 No Source: Paronuzzi, P. "Rockfall-induced block Source: Permanyer. A., et al. "Crude oil biodegradation propagation on a soil slope, northern Italy". and environmental factors at the Riutort oil shale mine. Environmental Geology, Vol. 58, 2009. SE Pyrenees". Journal of Petroleum Geology, Vol. 33. (Table 2.) No. 2, April 2010 (Table 1)
