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Lesson 1: Electromagnetic Radiation 1. Fill in from memory using one color of pen/pencil. Once you have filled in as much as you can from memory, fill in the rest using another color. All of this information will need to be memorized, your second color will give you guidance on what to focus on when you study later on. Type of EMR How it is produced What it is used for Problems Radio Frequency Range: Wavelength Range: Microwaves Frequency Range: Wavelength Range: Infrared Frequency Range: Wavelength Range: Visible Frequency Range: Wavelength Range: Ultraviolet Frequency Range: Wavelength Range: X Ray Frequency Range: Wavelength Range: Gamma Frequency Range: Wavelength Range:2. What is the fundamental origin of all EMR? Draw a sketch of an EM wave. 4. Which types of radiation are caused by: a. oscillations in circuits. b. transitions of valence electrons. C. Sudden acceleration of high-energy electrons d. radioactivity. 5. What is the wavelength of a certain EMR that has a period of 5.65 x 10 1 s? (0.0170 m) 6. A planet is 7.60 x 1012 m from Earth. How long will it take a radio signal to travel to this planet and back? (5.07 x 10* s) 7. An electromagnetic wave has a wavelength of 1.15 x 10"* m. Under what portion of the electromagnetic spectrum does it fall? 8. Explain in general terms why x-rays and gamma rays are especially likely to cause cancers in the cells of the skin, bone marrow and intestinal lining Lesson 2: The Speed of Light 9. Using the Michelson-like apparatus diagrammed below, the observer found that in order to observe the return light ray, the mirror had to rotate at 707.1 Hz. What is the speed of light calculated from this experiment? (2.97 x 105 m/s) observer Stationary reflecting mirror Rotating six- sided mirror O- light source 35 km 10. When verifying the speed of light, a student set up a pentagonal rotating mirror and a reflecting mirror 35 km away. At what minimum frequency must the mirror rotate so that the reflected light is seen by the observer? (857 Hz) 11. A student sets up a Michelson-type experiment for a twelve-sided rotating mirror. If the mirror spun at a rate of 125 Hz, how far was the rotating mirror from the stationary reflecting mirror? (100 km) Lesson 3: Reflection (spherical mirrors) 12. A 6.0 cm tall object is placed 40 cm in front of a concave mirror with a radius of curvature of 60 cm. a. What is the image distance? (120 cm) b. What is the size of image produced? (-18 cm) C. Describe the image. (inverted, real, larger)13. A 6.0 cm tall object is placed 40 cm in front of a convex mirror with a radius of curvature of 60 cm. a. What is the image distance? (-17 cm) b. What is the size of image produced? (2.6 cm) c. Describe the image. (erect, virtual, smaller) 14. An object located 40 cm in front of a mirror produces an erect image 80 cm from the mirror. a. What is the radius of curvature for the mirror? (160 cm) b. What type of mirror is it? (concave) 15. An object located 40 cm in front of a mirror produces an inverted image 120 cm from the mirror. a. What is the radius of curvature for the mirror? (60 cm) b. What type of mirror is it? (concave) 16. An object located 40 cm in front of a mirror produces an erect image 20 cm from the mirror. a. What is the radius of curvature for the mirror? (-80 cm) b. What type of mirror is it? (convex) 17. A 20 cm object located 30 cm in front of a mirror generates an erect image that is 10 cm tall. What is the size of image produced when the object is moved 60 cm further from the mirror's surface? (5.0 cm) 18. An object located in front of a concave mirror with a radius of curvature of 80 cm produced an inverted image that is three times the size of the object. What is the object distance? (53 cm) 19. An object located in front of a concave mirror with a radius of curvature of 180 cm produced an erect image that is two times the size of the object. What is the object distance? (45 cm) 20. An object located in front of a convex mirror with a focal length of 60 cm produced an erect image that is 1/6 the size of the object. What is the object distance? (300 cm) Lesson 4: Refraction (Snell's Law) 21. The speed of light in a certain plastic is 2.0 x 10 m/s. What is the refractive index of the plastic? (1.5) 22. The index of refraction of crown glass for violet light is 1.53 and for red light 1.52. Assuming that the velocity of light in a vacuum is 3.00 x 10 m/s, what are the speeds of violet light and red light in crown glass? (1.96 x 10# m/s, 1.97 x 10# m/s) 23. A beam of light strikes the surface of water with an incident angle of 60". Some of the light reflects off the water and some refracts into the water. If water has an index of refraction of 1.33, determine the angles of reflection and refraction. (60', 41") 24. A wave travelling from air to glass (n = 1.52) has an angle of incidence of 30". What is the angle of refraction? (19") 25. If the angle of incidence is 20" and the angle of refraction is 10", what is the index of refraction of the material if the wave started in air? (1.97) 26. What is the wavelength of light in water if the wavelength in air is 570 nm? (429 nm) 27. A ray of light enters from air to water and then into glass as shown in the diagram. Find the angle of refraction in glass. (nwater= 1.33, nglass= 1.50) (33")35 air water glass 28. Light is incident on an equilateral Lucite prism (n = 1.5) at an angle of 35*. Calculate the angle that the light leaves the prism. (66") 29. From inside an aquarium a ray of light is directed at the glass so the angle of incidence, in water, is 30". (a) Determine the angle of refraction when the ray emerges from the glass into the air. (b) If the angle of incidence in the water is 52" at what angle will the rays emerge from the glass? (42", no ray emerges) water 30" glass 30. The critical angle from rock salt into air is 40.5". What is the index of refraction for rock salt? (1.54) 31. The refractive indices of diamond and crown glass are 5/2 and 3/2 respectively. What is the critical angle between diamond and glass? (37") Lesson 5: Refraction (Spherical lenses) 32. An object 8.0 cm high is placed 80 cm in front of a converging lens of focal length 25 cm. Determine the image position and its height. (36 cm, -3.6 cm) 33. A lamp 10 cm high is placed 60 cm in front of a diverging lens of focal length 20 cm. Calculate the image position and the height of the image. (-15 cm, 2.5 cm) 34. A typical single lens reflex (SLR) camera has a converging lens with a focal length of 50.0 mm. What is the position and size of the image of a 25 cm candle located 1.0 m from the lens? (5.3 cm, -1.3 cm)3}". 39. . A converging lens with a focal length of 10 cm is used to create an image of the sun on a paper screen. How far from the lens must the paper he placed to produce a clear image? {3-10 cm] . A convex lens has a focal length of + 20 cm and a magnication of 4. How far apart are the object and the image? [45 cm] A projector is required to make a real image, 0.50 m tallr of a 5.0 cm object placed on a slide. Within the projector, the object is to be placed 100 cm from the lens. What must be the focal length ofthe lens? [9.1 cm]I . An object 5.0 cm high is placed at the 20 cm mark on a metre stick optical bench. A converging lens with a focal length of 20 cm is mounted at the 50 cm mark. What are the position and size of the image relative to the metre stick? l110 cm, 10 cm} A camera lens has a focal length of 6.0 cm and is located 10 cm from the film. How far from the lens is the object positioned if a clear image has been produced on the film? It'll cm] . Using the "mles for light rays" sketch ray diagrams Ewith three rays each] for the following lenses. State whether the image is: Real or virtualJ erect or inverted, and larger or smaller than the object. . I 2f 2f Lesson 6: Diffraction and Interference 41. Yellow light of wavelength 615 nm is incident on a double slit where slits are 1.3 mm apart. At what angle will the fifth order antinodal line appear? (0.149) 42. Light of frequency 6.09 x 10"* Hz is incident on a pair of straight parallel slits and produces an interference pattern on a screen 7.00 m away. If the fringe spacing on the screen is 2.50 cm, determine the distance between the slits. (0.138 mm) 43. Light of frequency 4.6 x 10"* Hz is incident on a pair of straight parallel slits where the slits are 0.16 mm apart. It creates an interference pattern on a screen 8.0 m away. What is the distance from the centre of the pattern to the fourth bright line? (0.13 m) 44. A flat observation screen is placed at a distance of 4.5 m from a pair of slits. The separation on the screen between the central bright fringe and the first order bright fringe is 0.037 m. The light illuminating the slits has a wavelength of 490 nm. Determine the slit separation. (6.0 x 105 m) 45. In a Young's double slit experiment the separation between the central bright fringe and the first order bright fringe is 2.40 cm for 475 nm light. Assuming that the angles that locate the fringes on the screen are small, find the separation between fringes when light has a wavelength of 611 nm. (3.09 cm) 46. In a Young's double-slit experiment, the angle that locates the second-order bright fringe is 2.09. If the slit separation is 3.8 x 10's m, what is the wavelength of the light? (6.6 x 10" m) 47. Red light of wavelength 600 nm passes through two parallel slits. Nodal lines are produced on a screen 3.0 m away. The distance between the first and tenth nodal lines is 5.0 cm. What is the separation of the slits? (3.24 x 10* m) 48. In an interference experiment, red light with a wavelength of 6.0 x 10" m passes through a double slit. On a screen 1.5 m away, the distance between the 1" and 11" dark bands is 2.0 cm. a. What was the separation between the slits? (4.5 x 10* m) b. What would the spacing be between adjacent nodal lines if blue light (450 nm) were used? (1.5 x 10 3 m)49. Green light of wavelength 5000 A (1 A = 10-10 m) is shone on a grating and a second order image is produced at 320. How many lines/cm are marked on the grating? (5300 lines/cm) 50. How many lines per metre does a diffraction grating have if the 2" order minimum occurs at an angle of deviation of 16.0 when 530 nm light is used? (3.47 x 105 lines/m) 51. 650 nm yellow light is incident on a diffraction grating which has 150 lines/cm. What is the spacing between the bright fringes produced as a result on a screen 4.9 m away? (4.8 cm) 52. Light of frequency 5.0 x 10"*Hz falls on a diffraction grating which has 4.2 x 10 lines/cm. At what angle will the third antinodal line be inclined to the forward direction? (49") 53. A grating is ruled with 1000 lines/cm. How many orders of spectra are possible on either side of the central maximum for 700 nm red light. (14) 54. A light ray of frequency 5.0 x 1014 Hz is incident on a diffraction grating that has 180 lines/cm. After passing through the grating the light travels 4.0 m in a trough of water to a screen where it produces an interference pattern. How far apart are the bright fringes on the screen? (Note: nwater = 1.33 and n = c/v ) (3.2 cm)