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2. Read text section 1.4.2. Macros are available in most high-level programming languages. The body of a macro is simply used to replace a macro-call during the preprocessing stage. A macro introduces a "true inline" function that is normally more efficient than an "outline" function. However, macros suffer from the side-effect, unwanted, or unexpected modifications to variables. Macros should be used cautiously. The main purpose of the following programs is to demonstrate the differences between a function and a macro. Other purposes include demonstrating the differences between different programming environments, and learning different ways of writing comments, formatted input and output, variable declaration and initialization, unary operation ++, macro definition/call, function definition/call, if-then-else and loop structures, etc.

Observe each of the functions below and understand their functionality. You can use either

GNU gcc under Unix or Visual Studio to implement the code in this question

int subf(int a, int b) {

return a - b;

}

int cubef(int a) {

return a * a * a;

}

int minf(int a, int b) { if (a <= b) {

return a;

}

else {

return b;

}

}

int oddf(int a) { if (a % 2 == 1) { return 1;

}

else {

return 0;

}

2.1 Write four macros to re-implement the given four functions. Name them: subm, cubem, minm, and oddm, respectively. [10 points]