Answered step by step
Verified Expert Solution
Question
1 Approved Answer
Please kindly write out all output Section 3:- Process and System Monitoring Linux has several ways of telling you about processes or tasks in the
Please kindly write out all output
Section 3:- Process and System Monitoring Linux has several ways of telling you about processes or tasks in the system.
Section 4:- Introduction to Linux System Administration:- In this part you are asked to be the system administrator on a software project that is vital for the future of the company. You must manage the project areas giving support to the programmers. The project must be finished by 18th December 2018.
The company has hired three new people specifically to help get the project in on time; they are Colin Unix, Mira Java and Ella Solaris. The project name is Quasar.
LOGGING ON
Logon as an administrator
User name: admin
Password: greatjob
Administering UNIX
UNIX really only has two classes of users. The first is simply a user of the system while the second is the superuser who is expected to administer the machine. The superuser has all the authority and can do anything. Normally to do what we have to do in this Lab one would need to be the superuser. But since you are inexperienced and we cannot afford to have our machines trashed, we have used a different facility to provide you with additional powers.
The facility is called the sudo system. It instructs the system to allow root privileges to users and groups in a controlled way. The first time you use sudo you will be asked for a password. This is the password for the admin account (i.e. greatjob). Please be careful.
You will have to help me write out the output
Number 8
*Description
Using pipes to connect processes: -
Pipes are used to redirect the input and output of programs, so that the output of one
program can be used as the input of another program.
Commands
ls al /etc | more
Task
Note the | is the straight or vertical symbol which is referred to as a pipe in UNIX.
Here the more command is used to display the all the files in /etc directory.
Use the space-bar to see all the files in the director
*Output
Section 3.... Number 2
*Description
Using the top command
The top command is also used to report on processes or tasks as well as other system info.
*Commands
*top
Task
Find out what is the total number of processes or tasks running in the system?
How many processes or tasks are sleeping?
The id parameter stands for the idle status.
Find out what percentage of time the processor is idle?
Look at the individual processes, find out the process or task using.
1) The most memory
2)the most CPU time?
*output
Section 3.... Number 3
*Description
Using /proc:- Both the ps and top commands use a special directory called /proc.
This directory contains system information. Lets go to the /proc directory
*Commands
Type: cd /proc
Type: ls to see the files
Use the more command to look at the contents of the following files cpuinfo, meminfo and interrupts.
*Task
Answer the following questions:
(Hint: use the cpuinfo file)
What type of processor is running (Pentium, Celeron, Intel Core Duo, etc.)?
What is its speed?
What is the?
How many size of the processor cache CPUs does your computer have?
(Hint: use the meminfo file)
What is the total amount of memory in the system?
How much memory is being used?
How much memory has been allocated for swap space?
How much swap space is actually being used?
(Hint: use the interrupts file)
Which interrupts are being used by the timer and the Ethernet NIC (eth1 or em1)?
Note: The interrupt number is in the first column on your left. The smaller the interrupt number, the more important the interrupt and thus it is usually given a higher priority. Explain why the timer interrupt is very important.
*Output
Going to the next section now ..............................................
Congratulations!!! You are no longer a guest; you have been promoted!! You are now a systems administrator, looking after Linux machines for a small company that is very dependent on your expertise, so you need to get it right!
Section 4:- Introduction to Linux System Administration:- In this part you are asked to be the system administrator on a software project that is vital for the future of the company. You must manage the project areas giving support to the programmers. The project must be finished by 18th December 2018.
The company has hired three new people specifically to help get the project in on time; they are Colin Unix, Mira Java and Ella Solaris. The project name is Quasar.
LOGGING ON
Logon as an administrator
User name: admin
Password: greatjob
Administering UNIX
UNIX really only has two classes of users. The first is simply a user of the system while the second is the superuser who is expected to administer the machine. The superuser has all the authority and can do anything. Normally to do what we have to do in this Lab one would need to be the superuser. But since you are inexperienced and we cannot afford to have our machines trashed, we have used a different facility to provide you with additional powers.
The facility is called the sudo system. It instructs the system to allow root privileges to users and groups in a controlled way. The first time you use sudo you will be asked for a password. This is the password for the admin account (i.e. greatjob). Please be careful.
Sectiong 4 Number 1 .
*Description
Understanding Groups
UNIX has the concept of groups for people doing collaborative work or for people or services that need certain privileges.
Open a terminal window
Users can see the group(s) to which they belong.
First we need to ensure that user clunix does not already exist. So we first tell the system to remove the user if the user already exists:
We need to also remove the quasar group if it already exists:
*Commands
Type: man groups
Type groups
Type:
sudo/usr/sbin/userdel
-r clunix
Type:
sudo/usr/sbin/groupdel quasar
*Task
write a brief summary of how groups are managed.
write down the answer you get for the admin account.
If the system asks for a password, use the one for the admin account.
*Output
Sectiong 4 Number 2
*Description
Adding a new group
It would be good to add a new group for this project. So lets try to add a new group called quasar. To do this we need to use the command groupadd.
*Commands
Type
Sudo /usr/sbin/groupadd quasar
Type more /etc/group to see of a new group called quasar has been added
*Task
The system will ask you for a password, type the password for admin account.
Write down the group id or gid for the quasar group.
*Output
Sectiong 4 Number 3
*Description
Creating User Accounts
General information on users is kept in the /etc/passwd file on UNIX systems.
*command
Type
more /etc/passwd
*Task
Write down all the fields for the guest account, which you used in for parts 1&2.
What is /home/guest?
What is /bin/bash?
output ?
Sectiong 4 Number 4
*Description
Creating accounts
UNIX, Linux included, has some very powerful commands for administering user accounts. Adding a new account is done using the command useradd. There are many options so you have to be careful with how this account is created.
Lets do a user account for Colin Unix.
We need to note a few things:
1) We need to select a user name or login, lets call him clunix
2) We need to make sure that he is in the quasar group
3) We need to tell the system that his account should expire when the project ends
4) We want to use him to use the bash shell as his default shell.
Select the options that can fulfill the requirements 2, 3, and 4.
So let us create the user account for Colin Unix.
*command
Type man useradd
Type :-
sudo /usr/sbin/useradd e 2018-12-18 g quasar s /bin/bash clunix
*Task
Again, if you are asked for a password, type the password for the admin account.
*Output
Setting up a Password
In UNIX, an account must have a password to be active. Normally, this can only be done by superuser. However we have used the sudo facility to allow you to set up the password for Colin.
Choosing a good password is an important part of the security system in UNIX. Lots of security breaches have occurred because it was easy to guess a users password.
Choose a password for Colin which has 8 characters. A good password should include numbers and letters both common and capital letters and at least one of the non-alphanumeric characters such as $, %, &, etc. Please WRITE the password in the line below:
Password: ----------------------------------------------------------------
Type sudo /usr/bin/passwd clunix
Set up the new password for Colin.
OK, now Colin should be able to log on to the machine.
Reboot the machine.
Sectiong 4 Number 5
Description
Now login in as Colin.
*command
So user name: clunix
Password: (use the one you made up)
Open a terminal window and
Verify that you are indeed clunix by typing the command: whoami
Type groups
*Task
Is Colin in the quasar group?
*Output
Step by Step Solution
There are 3 Steps involved in it
Step: 1
Get Instant Access to Expert-Tailored Solutions
See step-by-step solutions with expert insights and AI powered tools for academic success
Step: 2
Step: 3
Ace Your Homework with AI
Get the answers you need in no time with our AI-driven, step-by-step assistance
Get Started