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Please, perform ANOVA test in excel. Thank you. 11.13. Dorsal Spines of Gasterosteus aculeatus. Bell and Foster (1994) were interested in the effect of predators

Please, perform ANOVA test in excel. Thank you.

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11.13. Dorsal Spines of Gasterosteus aculeatus. Bell and Foster (1994) were interested in the effect of predators on dorsal spine length evolution in Gasterosteus aculeatus (threespine stickleback, Fig. 11.12). Dorsal spines are thought to act as an antipredator mechanism. Fig. 11.12 Gasterosteus aculeat us. To examine this issue, researchers sampled eight sticklebacks from each of Benka Lake (no predators), Garden Bay Lake (some predators), and Big Lake (lots of predators). Their observations on spine length (in mil- limeters) are provided in the following table. Benka Lake Garden Bay Lake Big Lake 1.2 4.4 4.9 4.1 4.6 4.6 4.2 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.9 4.5 4.4 47 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.3 4.7 4.4 They would like to know if spine lengths differ among these three pop- ulations and apply ANOVA with lakes as "treatments." (a) Test the hypothesis that the mean lengths in the three populations are the same at level a = 0.05. State your conclusion in terms of the problem. (b) Would you change the decision in (a) if a = 0.01? Explain why or why not

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