please reply breifly to these posts:

post#1

There are three cognitive biases that affect communications effectiveness which are selective exposure, selective perception, and selective retention.

Selective Exposure- This is when we only expose ourselves to things we already agree with. For example, you might like the idea of painting. So you watch videos about paints, go to a few classes, and maybe even attend some art shows that feature painting. On the other hand, if you weren't interested in painting, you'll probably avoid of chose to not attend activities that involve painting. You are selectively choosing to expose yourself to things you like.

Selective Perception- Unlike selective exposure, selective perception is when you perceive something in a way that you want to see and not like how the original communicator intended. In this case, our textbook gives an example by saying someone who only sees performance management as a rewards and punishment system might expect a pay increase at the end of each quarter for their hard work. Another example would be if your friend asked you if they can borrow money and you agree to it because you believe they are a good person and want to help them out. Meanwhile, your other friend might see this as them taking advantage of you or as you being a pushover.

Selective Retention- This is when you tend to only remember things you agree with or want to agree with. In this case, someone could tell you that you're a good cook, but they also offer some constructive criticism. You, in this case, would only remember their compliment but nothing about how you can improve because you already believe and agree that you are a good cook.

Thankfully our textbook gives some ways to minimize these biases. Some suggestions include involving employees in the design of the PM system in order to help them feel heard and for them to understand the system itself. This also helps in another suggestion by understanding the needs of the employee. In order to keep your employees around and in order to understand why they might not understand you, you have to understand their respective first. Some other suggestions include putting everything in writing and repeating important information frequently.

post#2

Cognitive Biases that affect communications effectiveness are Selective Exposure, Selective Perception, and Selective Retention. Selective Exposure means that a listener focuses only on the information that confirms their perception of a certain topic. Selective Perception is a perceptual process in which a person only perceives what they desire and set aside differences/ ignores other viewpoints. Selection retention is a bias where people are more likely to remember messages that are close to their interest, values, and beliefs. Minimizing effects of cognitive biases would reflect on the past and see how it can change a mindset. Another one would be sought multiple perspectives and see what other thinks and identify what matters to you. Lastly, be curious on what others might think and how the realize what their belief is.