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Walmart has 10,000+ retail units across the world in 20+ countries, which include Walmart US, Sam's Club and Walmart International outlets. The distribution strategy includes direct delivery to stores by vendors who are the suppliers of the retail stores. The products are delivered in huge volumes to the stores. There are over 150 distribution centers of Walmart which use cross docking method. The hub & spoke method is used by Walmart wherein the goods are centrally ordered and then sent to individual stores. The transportation is achieved through a fleet of 6,100 tractors, 61,000 trailers and more than 7,800 drivers. They majorly stress upon reduction costs of transportation and supply chain and make greener transportation. The items are placed in rural and urban stores on shelves.

Walmart Promotion & Advertising Strategy:

Walmart promotes through a plethora of sales promotions such as product bundling and its competitive pricing strategies. As a part of its marketing mix promotional strategy, Walmart adopts an aggressive brand promotion strategy. The e-commerce website attracts customers by gifting its customers. Walmart uses pricing strategies that contribute to the maximum turnover of the company. The websites uses slogans like 'Grab it before it's done' to attract its customers so that they buy their product without thinking much just so that the offer does not expire. But, regardless of every other promotional strategies, "Every Day Low Price" happens to be the most important strategies of Walmart to promote itself.

Since this is a service marketing brand, here are three other Ps included in Walmart's marketing mix:

1-People:

Walmart is a global organization with a huge focus on people. The employees and staff are an asset for Walmart as they are ones who handle all the customer queries at the stores. Walmart has an extremely well trained staff and are highly motivated to serve their customers. Walmart has more than 2 million employees worldwide and close to 1.5 million are present in USA. Walmart reaches out to close to 200 million customers.

2-Process:

Processes at stores at Walmart are extremely efficient and help the customers to shop with ease. The process include having easily available trolleys, systematic product placement & categorization, multiple payment counters, various modes of payments etc. Also, the backend processes like procurement, warehousing, distribution etc. of Walmart are also a benchmark for the retailing industry. Due to the pandemic, the company changed some processes which has improved the overall efficiency of processes & profits for the company.

3-Physical Evidence:

The physical evidence of Walmart is seen by more than 11000+ stores spread across the world. Each and every store has got multiple category of products, efficient product placement etc. Also Walmart has several offices spread across the world, which adds to the value of the brand. Hence, this concludes the entire Walmart marketing mix.

Amazon Price/Pricing Strategy:

Amazon has got a market leader and competition based pricing strategy in its marketing mix. As the different kinds of services are offered by Amazon its pricing strategies are also varied. It uses technology to its advantage in setting the prices. Most of the time the price of products is set following the competitive pricing strategy. Amazon offers the lowest of prices and this is made possible by the efficiency of its operations and also its web-based business model. It adjusts the prices frequently based on the category of product, time of the day and season. Amazon also provides value added services like Prime where users pay subscription charges for one-day delivery and early access to the deals. Amazon also follows differential pricing, for the same product it charges different price depending in the place of consumer as it is having different websites in each country it operates. AWS is also a market leader in offering high quality low priced web hosting solutions (https://www.mbaskool.com/marketing-mix/services/17022-amazon.html).

Amazon Place & Distribution Strategy:

Amazon is a global brand and has its presence all across the world. All the consumers buy products and services from the website and Apps of Amazon.com to buy. Once a customer places the order the distribution channel of Amazon comes into picture where the products are procured and stored at Amazon's fulfilment centers. These are huge warehouses constructed by Amazon in strategic locations to reach even the remotest of places. These are categorized into sortable fulfilment centers (large and small goods), non-sortable, customer return and specialty items warehouses. From these fulfilment center's the goods are transferred to distribution centers and then to customers. Amazon uses the local postal and courier services for the transportation of packages. But recently few experts are claiming that Amazon is conceptualizing for its own distribution network for delivery of packages. This will bring the costs even down for the company.

Amazon Promotion & Advertising Strategy:

Amazon uses aggressive marketing campaigns to promote its brand. When it comes to promotion Amazon leaves no stone unturned in its marketing mix promotional strategy. Its major focus is on advertising - through print ads in newspapers have increased exponentially of late. Amazon uses creative television commercials and social media marketing through SEO and targeting customers through their browsing patterns. Amazon also have affiliate programs where website and blog owners advertise Amazon product links in their platforms. Next important thing is sales promotion - Amazon has mastered this art and give effective sales promotions and discounts during holiday seasons and festivals resulting in high visits to the website. Public relations exercises to improve brand image like launching Amazon Smile which donates to charity organizations. 'Gift a Smile' in India is an initiative where people can send their gifts directly through Amazon to NGO's that are partnered with the company. Direct marketing to companies for providing its web services is also performed by Amazon. Since this is a service marketing brand, here are three other Ps included in Amazon's marketing mix:

1-People:

Amazon gives a great importance to its workforce. Irrespective of what level and domain of the organization they are working people get benefits from Amazon which makes it a desirable employer. These benefits include health, financial, assistance programs, some time off like vacations and equity plans. There are nearly 2,30,800 employees working across the globe round the clock to ensure best customer experience and as Amazon is the most visited website in retail space (1.27 billion/year) it offers its employees a great deal of training and development activities.

2-Process:

Amazon is a world leader in ecommerce and web services and has got a strong process oriented business. As we have seen earlier that Amazon strategically divided its warehouses and fulfilment center's for operational efficiency, it also uses the best in the business technology to support its daily activities and also in its advertisements, serving the customer like providing the information about the location of his package. Also its association with websites like Twitter, where by reacting to any tweet from Amazon people can add any product to their cart. Its customer relationship and information management are core to its business strategy. Amazon Robotics has also been developed, which is used at the company warehouses for inventory management.

3-Physical Evidence:

Amazon's biggest physical presence is its website. As it is an online retailer the place of service is its website and apps which very user-friendly and built with great design. Amazon's warehouses and fulfilment center's present in all countries of its operations are the largest one can ever find. It has logo which is very well resembling what Amazon stands for, i.e. an arrow from a to z which implies one can buy anything on Amazon. Its packages also sport this logo. Amazon releases its financial reports also for its investors and users yearly providing information about where company stands and where it aspires to go. Hence, this summarizes the Amazon marketing mix.

Target Price/Pricing Strategy:

Target offers remarkably price- differentiated products that no other retailer in the industry has been able to match. Target provides goods at discounted prices. The company offers the "Target Visa card" which allows the customers to shop on credit. Packaging pricing policy of Target provides a variety of deals including buy one get one free deals, buy 2 get 1 free, etc. Target competes with Walmart and Amazon. The tough competition is one of the reasons Target has to come up with brilliant pricing strategies. Target aims to match price offered by online retail giants. It offers discount for all online purchases. It also offers discount during the holiday seasons on shipping charges (https://www.mbaskool.com/marketing-mix/services/16770-target.html).

Target Place & Distribution Strategy:

This is an extremely important part of Target's marketing process. One of the major goals of the firm is to become a one-stop-shop for customers. Target distributes the vast majority of merchandise distributed to the stores through a network of distribution centers. It provides general merchandise through its Website, Target.com and Target stores.

Target Promotion & Advertising Strategy:

Target's catch phrase 'Expect more, pay less' focuses on higher quality product at low prices. Target has many promotional strategies which include commercials, flyers, special offers and coupons. The company also relies heavily on newspapers and television commercials. Target circulars are delivered to 50 million households every week. Their weekly ad is also posted on the Internet. Target has a digital presence over Twitter, Facebook, You Tube, Instagram and other social media platforms. Target also sends direct mails to their loyal guests. Target has tried different promotional strategies. For example, the company applied "Black Friday" promotional strategy. The company has also announced a "10 Days of Deals" promotion, offering daily discounts on electronics, kitchen ware, toys and more.

Since this is a service marketing brand, here are three other Ps included in Target's marketing mix:

1-People:

Target has employed approximately 340,000+ full-time, part-time and seasonal employees, referred to as "team members." Brian Cornell is the Chairman and CEO of the company. The company's employees focus on serving the customers at all the retail outlets.

2-Process:

Target has a strong distribution network. Vendors and third party distributors deliver the merchandise directly to the retail outlets. Digital sales channels employ common carriers to distribute the merchandise. The strong distribution ensures product availability and reduces delivery times and shipping costs.

3-Physical Evidence:

Target distributes the products through a network of 40 distribution centers. There are 1,700+ retail outlets located across the US. The company has executive offices in 1000 Nicollet Mall, Minneapolis, Minnesota. The company website also gives an insight to all the services offered by the company. This covers the marketing mix of Target.