Prepare a memorandum to the US National Security Advisor providing guidance on the following:

1. Explain (briefly) Iranian Cyber threats (please rely on the readings).
2. Provide guidance on potential measures and/or responses to those threats.
3. Length: Minimum seven hundred and fifty words (not including any citations/references).
4. Remember: You are advising the Advisor in your words; avoid lengthy quotes from sources.

 

 

Readings: 

 

1. Anderson, C. and Sadjadpour, K. (2018). Iran's Cyber Threat: Espionage, Sabotage and Revenge. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
2. Siboni, G and Abramski, Léa and Sapir, Gal (2020). Iran's Activity in Cyberspace: Identifying Patterns and Understanding the Strategy
3. "Iran turning to cyber-enabled influence operations for greater effect," Microsoft Threat Intelligence, May 2, 2023, https://query.prod.cms.rt.microsoft.com/cms/api/am/binary/RW13xRJ
4. "Iran Cyber Threat Overview," Sekoia blog, June 5, 2023, https://blog.sekoia.io/iran-cyber-threat-overview/
5. "The Iran-Russia Cyber Agreement and US Strategy in the Middle east," Council on Foreign Relations Blog Post, March 15, 2021, https://www.cfr.org/blog/iran-russia-cyber-agreement-and-us-strategy-middle-east