Provided the solution of producer/consumer problem as below:

sem_t emtpty;

sem_t full;

void *producer(void *arg) {

int i;

for (i = 0; i < loops; i++) {

sem_wait(&empty);

put(i); // puts i in the shared buffer

sem_post(&full)

}

}

void *consumer(void *arg) {

int tmp = 0;

while (tmp != -1) {

sem_wait(&full);

tmp = get(); // gets a value from the shared buffer

sem_post(&empty); printf("%d ", tmp);

}

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

// ...

sem_init(&empty, 0, 10);

sem_init(&full, 0, 0);

// ...

}

a. Identify synchronization problems that the given code has. Explain the problem. (10pts)

b. Modify the code to resolve the problem using semaphores. Explain how your modifcation works. (10pts)

c. Modify the code to resolve the problem using condition variables. Explain how your modifcation works. (10pts)