Providing for doubtful accounts

At the end of the current year, the accounts receivable account has a debit balance of $$1,110,000$ and sales for the year total $$12,590,000.$

a$.$ The allowance account before adjustment has a debit balance of $$15,000.$ Bad debt expense is estimated at $\frac{1}{4}$ of $1\%$ of sales.

b$.$ The allowance account before adjustment has a debit balance of $$15,000.$ An aging of the accounts in the customer ledger indicates estimated doubtful accounts of $$48,000.$

c$.$ The allowance account before adjustment has a credit balance of $$4,600.$ Bad debt expense is estimated at $\frac{3}{4}$ of $1\%$ of sales.

d$.$ The allowance account before adjustment has a credit balance of $$4,600.$ An aging of the accounts in the customer ledger indicates estimated doubtful accounts of $$38,200.$

Determine the amount of the adjusting entry to provide for doubtful accounts under each of the assumptions $($a through d$)$ listed above.

a$.$ $

b$.$ $

c$.$ $

d$.$ $