Q$4.($a$)$ Describe the main characteristics of the TCP and UDP protocols. Identify

the OSI layer they operate at$.$ Compare them in relation to packet overhead

and suggest one suitable application for each. $(12$ marks$)$

$($b$)$ Describe two forwarding methods used by LAN switches. List one

drawback associated with each method. $(10$ marks$)$

$($c$)$ What is the Telnet protocol used for in networking? Name the major

drawback of using this and describe how does SSH address this issue.

$(6$ marks$)$

$($d$)$ Explain what a network socket is and describe its role in network

communication. Describe an example use case with the aid of a diagram.

$(7$ marks$)$