Q1-A 100mm diameter stormwater pipe is to be laid at a constant grade from the location of the existing pit at chainage 0m, to the proposed pit at chainage 27.7m ( note that the top of the pipe needs to be 500mm below the surface at chainage 0 and at chainage 27.7m).

a- what is the grade as a percentage? answer to one decimal place and show your calculation

b-Calculate the RL of the INVERT (bottom) of the pipe at chainage 5.0m

c determine the cover (from the TOP of the pipe to the ground surface ) at 5.0m

Q2- what must be the grade of the pipe from chainage 0.0m to 20.0m for the cover at 20.0m to be 500mm? express the grade as a ratio, percentage and angel and show your working. draw the pipe INVERT on longitudinal section

Q3- Continue the pipe from this point at chainage 20.0, (from Q2 ) and determine the slope from here (as a %) to reach the proposed pit at chainage 27.7m such that there is still 500mm of cover to the pipe. Draw this section of pipe on longitudinal section.