Question $1$:$-$ Discuss the evolution of accounting theory and its significance in the contemporary business environment. Provide examples to illustrate how historical events and changing economic landscapes have influenced the development of accounting theory over time.

Question $2$:$-$

Make a critical assessment of the International Accounting Standard Board's $($ASB$)$ Conceptual framework $2018.$ Discuss the key elements of the conceptual framework and their role in enhancing the relevance and reliability of financial reporting.

Question $3$:$-$

Based on the book "The Routledge Companion to Accounting, Reporting and Regulation" and other course materials, identify and discuss the major challenges and opportunities associated with international accounting standards convergence. Analyze the implications of differences in accounting practices across countries and propose strategies for addressing these challenges.

Question $4$:$-$

a$)$ Define the concept of research methodology in the context of accounting theory. Discuss the importance of selecting an appropriate research methodology in accounting research, highlighting the strengths and limitations of quantitative and qualitative approaches to accounting research.

b$)$ Evaluate the role of accounting theories in guiding research in the field of accounting. Discuss how different accounting theories, such as agency theory, positive accounting theory, and institutional theory, influence research questions, hypotheses formulation, and empirical analysis.