Question about Marketing Management.. please give me answer quickly..

whi Nane Pop 1. Traditionally cars are sold as finished and complete products. Buyers do not expect new cars to improve or change once they are rolled out of the dealer's premises. Only occasional maintenance, software updates or repairs are carried out to keep the vehicle functional. To stay competitive, car makers introduce new models to market every four to seven years and these models are refreshed with minor functional and cosmetic changes around halfway through their life cycle. But the status quo is being challenged by the Californian car company Tesla. Much like your smartphone, Tesla releases frequent software updates to improve and change the functionality of the cars they design and manufacture, thereby modifying cars continuously after the point of sale. a. Discuss the product life cycle (PLC) of Tesla. Explain through illustration. (5*2= 10 marks) 3. Pan American World Airways (aka Pan Am) was one of the premier names in the airline industry during the 1970s, but things took a turn for the worse over the next two decades. Rising fuel costs, a fleet that was too big for the market and a series of missteps led the airline to begin selling off some of its major assets through the '80s, including the famous Pan Am building in New York. The airline was still losing money in 1988 when one of its flights was bombed over Lockerbie, Scotland. Pan Am failed to reach potential deals for a buyout by Delta and TWA, and the company shut down for good in 1991. Home movie and video game rental services giant, Blockbuster Video, was founded in 1985 and arguably one of the most iconic brands in the video rental space. At its peak in 2004, Blockbuster employed 84,300 people worldwide and had 9,094 stores. Unable to transition towards a digital model, Blockbuster filed for bankruptcy in 2010. In 2000, Netflix approached Blockbuster with an offer to sell their company to Blockbuster for US$50 million. The Blockbuster CEO was not interested in the offer because he thought it was a very small niche business" and it was losing money at the time. As of July 2017, Netflix had 103.95 million subscribers worldwide and a revenue of US$8.8bn. a. Why could Pan Am and Blockbuster not administer brand reinforcement? Which ways can be adopted by Pan Am and Blockbuster to revitalize its brand value? (6+6= 12 marks) 4. In the fashion industry, styles and tastes can change quickly, and some savvy businesses and retailers are developing business models to allow them to quickly capitalize. Notable among them are Sweden's Hennes & Mauritz, or H&M, and Spain's Inditext with its Zara brand. These firms can take a new garment or accessory from design to store in a mere two weeks. Though there is a more acclaimed notion that these brands try to make same product as high-end fashion brands, but with very subtle difference. Their success is forcing established luxury brands like Burberry, Chanel, and Saint Tropez to speed up and increase the frequency of their new product introductions beyond the traditional fashion-week-driven fall and spring collections. The social cost came to light when a tragic 2012 fire in a subcontracted Bangladesh garment factory killed 111 workers. Prodded by labor rights activists, Western firms finally signed a building and fire safety agreement that provided greater regulation to improve worker safety. Another negative by-product of the fast-fashion business model is the environmental cost of making and disposing of clothing with a limited shelf life. To deflect some of the criticism, H&M adopted a series of "Recycle, Resell, or Reuse" programs and activities. Products were made using fewer, recycled materials, and customer were able to trade in old clothes for vouchers for new ones. The company also required all contract suppliers to sign a code of conduct to ensure good working conditions. a. Explain which market follower strategy is followed by fashion brands like Zara and H&M. Discuss which product mix pricing might work well for these fast fashion companies (e.g., Zara and H&M). (7+5= 12 marks)