Rare earths are chemical elements necessary for the production of many industrial products, including cars. As the name "rare earths" suggests, their supply is extremely limited. If European car manufacturers open a joint network of rare earth recycling plants, this can be expected to lead to: An increase in the bargaining power of customers of the automobile industry A decrease of the threat of entry in the automobile industry A reduction in the bargaining power of suppliers of the automobile industry An increase of the threat of substitutes for the automobile industry