Research Scenario: A substance abuse counselor wants to demonstrate the effect of situational stress on alcohol cravings. He recruits two groups of men who are similar in respect to history of alcohol use and demographic variables. He divides these participants into two groups. In one group (n=11), the men are exposed to a stressful situation and then asked to measure rating their alcohol cravings on a scale from 0-10, where 0 represents no cravings and 10 represents intense cravings. In the second group (n = 10), the men are exposed to a neutral situation and asked to complete the same measure. The data are contained in the table below. Does a stressful situation result in more intense alcohol cravings than a non-stressful situation?

Stressful Situation / Neutral Situation

5 3

7 8

7 2

4 3

8 1

6 6

3 2

9 8

6 9

6 3

8

• What is S.P.S.S. output?

• what is results in A.P.A?

• What is the graph?