Review the attached article and explain what are the difficulties that a project manager would have running an agile project in Tanzania based on what is discussed in the article. Then explain the successes a project manager would have. Remember, you need to be detailed in your thoughts and you need to have supporting facts for any assertions you make. You may use the case, textbook and other scholarly reference materials. Think long term and short term. Think about culture, religion, organization culture, relationships, etc...

Energy has been a burden for Tanzania-a costly one. Now the country's recent natural gas finds are in Tanzania and neighboring Mozambique could driving demand for improved energy infrastructure. transform East Africa into an energy hub, but the As a result, the energy sector could transform from effects will be felt far beyond energy. Thanks to the burden to benefit. To get there, project sponsors discoveries, Tanzania could also become a magnet first will have to find-and develop-the project for foreign investment in projects ranging from management talent they need. highway networks to drilling and mining operations Having outgrown the patchwork energy infra- to a massive new port facility that is expected to be structure established in the decades following inde- East Africa's largest. pendence from Britain in 1961, Tanzania struggles "Tanzania and Mozambique could have far more with a national power grid that serves fewer than gas reserves than any other place in the world," one in five Tanzanians-and even that limited says Buchizya Mseteka, an Africa policy expert and capacity is unreliable. director and senior analyst for Leriba Consulting, The government and its partners intend to rectify London, England. "There's a lot of economic move- the situation with a vast, rapid expansion of Tan- ment right now. It's attracted a lot of investors, and a zania's grid and other energy sector infrastructure lot of infrastructure is going up. But the energy levels in the next few years. Massive natural gas finds have remained the same. And because of this huge 44 PM NETWORK SEPTEMBER 2014 WWW.PMI.ORGnotable initiatives across the country BAGAMOYO PORT PROJECT Seeking to relieve Dar es Salaam's overcrowded port facility, China Merchants Group and the Tanzanian government have partnered to build East Africa's largest seaport facility in nearby Bagamoyo. Just 75 kilometers (47 miles) northwest of Dar es Salaam, the massive US$10 PHOTO COURTESY OF BRIDGIT WATER FOUNDATION billion facility will serve the newest and deepest- drafting container ships while handling 25 times more traffic than the existing facility at Dar es Salaam. Slated to begin this year, construction should take seven to 10 years. NGORONGORO ESEERE AND MERELANI TANZANITE Dar es Salaam's overcrowded port facility WATER PROJECTS Earlier this year, in areas outside of Arusha in northern Tanzania, dual water projects were initiated to provide enhanced clean water access to thousands of Maasai tribespeople. Thanks to the efforts of volunteers, a solar pump project in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area will provide water to more than 500 school- children, while improvements to an existing well installation in the Merelani hills will help optimize water collection from gravity-fed water sources there, allowing water to reach more communities.Tanzania's economy has enjoyed steady growth. From 2002 to 2013, its GDP growth rate averaged 7 percent. By contrast, South Africa, often considered the economic powerhouse of sub-Saharan Africa, grew by just 3.2 percent a year from 1995 to 2013. demand, the government has now pri- The government aims to win that game through oritized sorting out the energy sector." the country's vast untapped energy wealth. As a result, a large number of Tanzanians could plug GROWTH CHARTS into the grid for the first time-and see an end to While the global economy experi- the blackouts that plague the nation. Moreover, the enced fits of turmoil over the past country could turn into an energy-exporting behe- decade, Tanzania's economy has moth-potentially becoming a leading exporter of enjoyed steady growth. From 2002 to liquefied natural gas by 2025. 2013, its GDP growth rate averaged The centerpiece of the Tanzanian government's 7 percent. By contrast, South Africa, effort to double the country's power-generation Tanzania often considered the economic powerhouse of sub- capacity to 3,000 megawatts by 2015 is a 532- at a Glance Saharan Africa, grew by just 3.2 percent a year from kilometer (331-mile) natural gas pipeline running 1995 to 2013. rom Mtwara in the southeast to Dar es Salaam, the Population: China has played an increasingly vital role in nation's largest city, in the northeast. The US$1.2 47.8 million Tanzania's economic health, becoming its big- billion project promises to drastically alter the gest foreign investor. Ties with China that date to energy and economic landscapes. When the Chi- Size: independent Tanzania's formative decades have nese-built pipeline is completed in the second half 947,300 square facilitated significant investment from Chinese of this year, it reportedly will cut the cost per kilo- kilometers companies as the Asian country's expanding econ- watt hour from roughly US$0.40 to about US$.07, (365,755 square miles) omy has prompted it to seek resources abroad. drastically lowering the cost of doing business while GDP: Tanzania's economic growth has been reflected easing energy demand. US$28.2 billion in a range of sectors. The Tanzanian tourism indus- (2012) try has expanded rapidly in recent years and now TALENT SEARCH GDP growth rate: employs nearly twice as many people as nearby Along with many other mining, drilling, transport 6.9 percent Kenya's. The communication sector's contribution tation and energy transmission initiatives either (2012) to GDP has doubled since 2008, helping to fuel breaking ground or slated to begin, the pipeline Main industries: other segments of the economy through applica- project stresses the need for another kind of pipe- Telecommunications, tions like mobile banking. ine: project talent. Project practitioners bemoan a banking, energy, mining No sector stands to benefit Tanzanians or the lack of project management expertise in Tanzania, agricultural processing Tanzanian economy like energy. "The Tanzanian particularly in the energy sector. Gross national energy-supply situation hasn't been matching the "There are few institutions which offer train- income per capita: growth of the economy, so they now have to play a ing in project management," says Mugisha Philip US$570 catch-up game," Mr. Mseteka says. Bisanda, PMP, a technical project manager at NokiaSolutions and Networks in Dar es Salaam. "Yet been in Tanzania for about two years. While he says the demand is growing as more organizations are many project management practices are generally becoming more and more aware of the project understood as beneficial, they are only now starting management discipline and its value. This is evident to be applied to projects there. from the increasing number of job adverts for posi- "In my opinion, the project management indus- tions requiring PMP-certified individuals." try here is just beginning," Mr. Yanez says. "Many PHOTO COURTESY OF WARTSILA CORPORATION Companies operating in Tanzania are meeting people are eager to learn about it, and some private that demand by importing their own project man- institutions offer training for it. But most of the cur- agement talent. Jose Yanez, PMP, who works as a rent certified project managers that I have met are senior project coordinator handling construction from abroad like me." projects for Halliburton in sub-Saharan Africa, has The challenge for the Tanzanian government Practitioner Perspective which skills should project "It is very common to have "Stakeholder seasoned engineers managing management and projects, which leads to various issues. Usually scope doesn't quality management change that often, but the how are undervalued, but and when that scope is achieved I believe versatility is are proving to be the biggest challenges to still the most important skill most projects in Tanzania. Schedule and cost you can have." management are the weakest areas.' -Jose Yanez, PMP, senior project coordinator for sub-Sahara Africa, -Harold Tibanyenda, PMP, customer project manager, Ericsson, a PMI Halliburton, Dar es Salaam Global Executive Council member in Dar es Salaam "Projects here are often implemented "Stakeholder under challenging conditions, particularly communication is not to with regard to procurement, due in part be confused with general to bureaucratic processes, supply chains marred by corrupt practices and resistant items such as report stakeholders. Communicating the big picture writing and presentations. is often overlooked. Allocating ample time From experience, I know that the to analyzing those affected by the project, Tanzanian environment requires developing means of communicating with each segment and gathering informative continuous communication with low- feedback will create greater chances of tech means. Face-to-face interactions buy-in-which subsequently contributes to are key to making things happen." higher chances of sustaining project gains." -Niel van der Vyver, PMP, program manager, Redknee, Johannesburg, -Neema Ndunguru, PMP, project manager, Investment Climate Facility South Africa, who has worked on projects in Tanzania for Africa, Dar es Salaambenet, he adds. over the next few years is to ensure that the rapid energy sector expansion is properly man aged despite a lack of deep project management experience. \"They need the foreign investors with the nancial means and the technical knowhow to come and help," Mr. Mseteka says. The longterm success will be measured by the government's abil ity to create win-win scenarios in which the inves' tor, the government and the people of Tanzania all \"They have everything to gain," Mr. Mseteka says. managers focus on to improve success rates in Tanzania? "Most projects do not meet specified budgets, and there's often a failure to use cost management tools and techniques, such as earned value management. But as organizations start to embrace project management, more graduates are thinking of this as a career. Academic institutions are adding it to their curriculum, which will foster a greater understanding of project management tools and techniques in the next five years.\" Leonancy Francis, CAPM, PMP, systems analyst, National Microfinance Bank. Dar es Salaam "Culture at times creates challenges, especially language and generally how Tanzanians operate in their communities. Remember, we were previously a socialist state, so that mindset hasn't completely changed. Yet most investors come from capitalist backgrounds. This is a society where people share basic things such as sugar or salt, where your friends and family will cover 90 percent of your wedding party costs, This kind of culture is strange to most investors, but learning to live in such a community and adapting to the norms often pays off. In the end, a project manager needs the maximum support one can get from all stakeholders involved.\" Mugisha Philip Bisanda, PMP. technical project manager, Nokia Solutions and Networks, Dar es Salaam "Support for project management is weak both in terms of training and general practice. The majority of project managers have other qualifications, but they practice project management through experience. And while a large number of project managers are experts, knowledge transfer is not strong.\" A1u Mwakyembe, PMP, program manager, UK. Department for International Development, Dar es Salaam PROJECT POWER Five RUKWA COAL PROJECT The vast Rukwa coal project in southwestern Coal Tanzania is conveniently situated near the cities of Mbeya and Sumbawanga near the Zambian border. A small power station independent of the national grid had been considered for the Rukwa site when the Tanzanian government announced its plan to build a major power transmission line between the two cities as part of its western PHOTO COURTESY OF EDENVILLE ENERGY PLC build-out of the Tanzanian energy grid. Now the Coal smaller power station has been scrapped for a much larger 100-megawatt facility that will con- vert coal into energy on the spot, feeding energy directly into the national grid. REGIONAL RUSUMO FALLS HYDRO- ELECTRIC PROJECT The US$470 million hydroelectric facil- ity will sit astride the Kagera River, the border between Rwanda and Tanzania. Funded by the World Bank, the African Development Bank and others, the 80-megawatt hydropower station will supply renewable energy to Rwanda and Tanzania as well as nearby Bu- rundi. The initiative will ease energy demand in an interior region of the continent where all three countries have struggled to provide energy