Russia launched its war on Ukraine in February 2022, but Russian cyber-attacks against Ukraine have persisted ever since Russia's illegal annexation of Crimea in 2014. The first major cyberattack took place in January 2022, and took down more than a dozen of Ukraine's government websites. According to Ukrainian officials, around 70 government websites, including the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Cabinet of Ministers, and the Security and Defense Council, were attacked. Most of the sites were restored within hours of the attack.  In February, another cyberattack took down multiple government and bank services.   

1) You, as the CIO of a Ukraine Bank, need to submit a report to the Board of Directors about what is a ransomware cyberattack and How could this security breach occur. 

2) Suggest measurements your bank needs to take to prevent such an event from happening.