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Scientists have discovered a new drug, nicknamed Nirvana, which gives its users the clarity to answer kinetics problems with 100% accuracy. One of your classmates
Scientists have discovered a new drug, nicknamed Nirvana, which gives its users the clarity to answer kinetics problems with 100% accuracy. One of your classmates is considering using this drug for the BME306 final exam (not you, because you are very well prepared and don't need it). The pharmacodynamics of this drug are such that for as long as the plasma concentration is above 10mg/L, the drug is effective. However, if a concentration greater than 20mg/L is maintained for 15 minutes or longer, its user will be compelled to run through Busch Campus singing "All Apologies" and will fail the exam. Clinical trials on NJIT students suggest that the drug has a volume of distribution of 0.7L/kg, exhibits one-compartment pharmacokinetics, and is eliminated after intravenous injection with a half-life of 30 minutes. a. A 50kg college student plans to inject Nirvana immediately before taking their final exam. If they inject 200mg, what is the initial concentration of Nirvana in the plasma? b. What is the maximum dose that can be injected without exceeding the "All Apologies" threshold and failing the exam? c. For how long does the dose that you found in part b) allow the concentration to remain above 10mg/L ? If you did not get an answer to part b), use 200mg as the dose. d. There is also a tablet form of the drug available, with a dose of 750mg. The drug has a bioavailability of 0.80 and an absorption rate constant ka=10.0h1. What is the plasma drug concentration at 15 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours? e. The student takes a tablet one hour before the exam (due to commute time on the RU bus system). Will their plasma drug concentration remain in the therapeutic range for the first hour of the exam (this should be long enough to complete it while under the influence of Nirvana)? Explain and/or show calculations to support your
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