Second, let's calculate operating expenses as a percent of sales for both 2022 and 2023, respectively, and then take the average across the two years.
Income Statements			2022	2023
Sales (net of discounts)			$ 180.00	$ 200.00
Cost of goods sold (COGS)			146.00	152.00
S G & A expense			10.00	12.00
Depreciation and amortization			8.00	10.00
Operating Income (EBIT)			$ 16.00	$ 26.00

************************************************************
2022	2023	Average
5.56%	6.00%	5.78%