Shepard Industries had NI in the year just ended of $10 million. It spent $6 million on total capital expenditures and increases in net working capital and had $14 million in depreciation expenses. Shepard is currently an all-equity firm with a corporate tax rate of 35% and a cost of capital of 10%.

1. (4 points) If Shepard could borrow under 8% interest rate, how much it could have borrowed to maximize value of the interest tax shield?
2. (5 points) Find debt-to-value ratio if Shepard borrows the amount you found in a). Assume that Shepard is expected to grow at 3% annually perpetually.