1. Six Measures of Solvency or Profitability

   The following data were taken from the financial statements of Gates Inc. for the current fiscal year.

   Property, plant, and equipment (net)						$1,402,000
   Liabilities:
   	Current liabilities			$139,000
   	Note payable, 6%, due in 15 years			701,000
   	Total liabilities					$840,000
   Stockholders' equity:
   	Preferred $2 stock, $100 par (no change during year)					$630,000
   	Common stock, $10 par (no change during year)					630,000
   Retained earnings:
   	Balance, beginning of year	$672,000
   	Net income	236,000		$908,000
   	Preferred dividends	$12,600
   	Common dividends	55,400		68,000
   	Balance, end of year					840,000
   Total stockholders' equity						$2,100,000
   Sales						$8,099,700
   Interest expense						$42,060

   Assuming that long-term investments totaled $1,470,000 throughout the year and that total assets were $2,793,000 at the beginning of the current fiscal year, determine the following. When required, round to one decimal place.

   a. Ratio of fixed assets to long-term liabilities
   b. Ratio of liabilities to stockholders' equity
   c. Asset turnover
   d. Return on total assets	%
   e. Return on stockholders equity	%
   f. Return on common stockholders' equity	%

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   a. Divide property, plant and equipment (net) by long-term liabilities.

   b. Divide total liabilities by total stockholders'equity.

   c. Divide sales by average total assets, excluding long-term investments. Average total assets = (Beginning total assets + Ending total assets) 2. To find ending total assets, use the accounting equation and substitute ending liabilities + stockholders'equity for the amount.

   d. Divide the sum of net income plus interest expense by average total assets. Average total assets = (Beginning total assets + Ending total assets) 2. To find ending total assets, use the accounting equation and substitute ending liabilities + stockholders'equity for the amount.

   e. Divide net income by average total stockholders'equity. Average total stockholders'equity = (Beginning total stockholders'equity + Ending total stockholders'equity) 2.

   f. Divide net income minus preferred dividends by average common stockholders'equity. Common stockholders'equity = Common stock + Retained earnings. Average common stockholders'equity = (Beginning common stockholders'equity + Ending common stockholders'equity) 2.

   Learning Objective 4 and Learning Objective 5.