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solve part ii Question 1: Nitrobenzene is made by the direct nitration of benzene by nitric acid in the presence of strong sulphuric acid solution:

solve part ii
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Question 1: Nitrobenzene is made by the direct nitration of benzene by nitric acid in the presence of strong sulphuric acid solution: C6H6+ HNO3-C6H5NO2 + H2O The actual nitrating agent is the nitronium ion, NO2+, and the sulphuric acid is needed to generate this from the nitric acid feed. Reconcentrated sulphuric acid, of strength 74% by weight and X'C is mixed with pure nitric acid at 25 C to give a nitric acid strength in the mixture of 7.5% by weight. The heat of mixing causes a temperature rise to 95 C. The mixed acid is then passed through a heat exchanger to bring its final temperature to 65C and fed to the reactor. Liquid benzene at 25C is also fed to the reactor at a rate to give a 10% stoichiometric excess based on the nitric acid flow. The reactor operates adiabatically and gives 100% conversion of the nitric acid. All products leave the reactor as liquids at Y'C. The sulphuric acidhis re-concentrated to 74% and recycled, while the nitrobenzene is sent for purification. Using the attached thermodynamic data, you are asked to calculate: (0) (ii) the temperature, XC of the reconcentrated sulphuric acid the amount of water removed to bring the concentration of the sulphuric acid solution back to 74%

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