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Suppose that twenty identical experiments are taking place simultaneously around the world. The researchers are all studying the same drug, which they hope will improve
Suppose that twenty identical experiments are taking place simultaneously around the world. The researchers are all studying the same drug, which they hope will improve the survival rate of the black-winged peckerwood finch after it has been infected with a particular type of tree mould. The survival rate left untreated is unfortunately only 32%. None of the researchers knows about the others' work. The table to the right shows the results from the 20 different studies. In all cases, the significance level was=0.05and the hypothesis being tested was H0: p=0.32 HA: p>0.32 We have a dilemma. Nineteen of the sites don't seek publication because their results are not significant. Site 17 gets published because the results produced there, with an identical experiment, are significant. We know (though the researchers don't) that if we combine the results from all 20 sites, we will not be able to support the alternative. T o Find : Describe what it means to have a Type I error rate of = 0.05 , and explain what has likely happened here in light of that definition
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