The 19th century Prussian General, Helmuth Karl Bernhard Graf von Moltke, declared: No plan survives contact with the enemy. [modern paraphrase] This quote is often referenced by leaders and managers and has appeared in numerous business articles

a) What is meant by Moltkes quote (as it applies to the civilian business environment)?

b) In reference to Moltkes quote, and its nearly universal acceptance, why should leaders and managers plan at all? (Reference Chapter 7, Discussion Question #5, p. 227.)

c) Organizational Change: why is planning important when implementing organizational changes? As discussed during our Zoom session, arguably every leadership effort involves a change eventan attempt to influence, or changeanother persons behavior.

Discuss the importance of understanding Change Theory, generally, using Lewins Process Model.

Discuss what organizational change looks like at the individual level.