The difficulties and delays that that the Kremlin and the White House experienced in communicating with one another during the crisis left a powerful impression. Many felt that the hours lost in translating, encoding, transmitting, decoding, and delivering urgent messages might have been the difference between peace and war. The U.S. and the Soviet Union negotiated what became known as the \"Hot Line\" agreement in the first months of 1963. It created a direct teletype connection between the two capitals via a physical line running through London, Copenhagen, and Helsinki, and was intended to provide for rapid communication in time of emergency. In order to help dispel some of the fears, the United States, USSR, and the United Kingdom signed the Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere in August 1953