The following changes occurred in accounts over the year: accounts payable increased by $8,000, bonds payable decreased by $18,000, common stock increased by $15,000, paid-in capital increased by $12,000, and retained earnings increased by $27,000. No dividends were paid during the year. What is the amount of net cash flows from financing activities?

a. $33,000

b. $(9,000)

c. $27,000

d. $9,000