The following information was obtained from the financial statements of X Inc.

Defined Benefit Plan Obligations

Pension Benefits

2020..2019

Defined Benefit Obligation(DBO):

Balance, beginning of year$40,032..42,370

Current Service Cost 864. 1,126

Interest Cost 2,344... 2,255

Benefits Paid(3,198).. (2,881)

Actuarial Gains... (3,339).. (2,838)

Balance, end of year.$36,703..$40,032

Defined Benefit Plan Assets

Pension Benefits

2020..2019

Balance, beginning of year$75,891.$90,828

Expected return on Plan Assets. 5,599.. 6,723

Employee contributions. 180.. 197

Benefits Paid(3,198). (2,881)

Actuarial Losses(745).(18,976)

Balance, end of year.$77,727..$75,891

Required:-

(a) Calculate pension expense for 2020

(b) Explain the following:-

1. The funded status of the pension plan in 2020
2. Contributory and non-contributory pension plans

The difference in accounting for actuarial gains and losses and past service costs under IFRS and ASPE.