The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) reportedthat the topography of disease-related deaths has changed over manygenerations, and that different diseases, both communicable andnoncommunicable, are starting to affect communities differently.Specifically, the researchers identify that the typical lifeexpectancy has increased on a global scale, which means there arenow different, previously unknown risks and causes of illness dueto aging populations. Of specific interest is the researchers\'mention that the \"leading causes of death and disability havechanged from communicable diseases in children to noncommunicablediseases in adults\" (IHME, 2013). The United States and otherdeveloped and industrialized nations have seen a stark reduction inmaternal, nutritional, and premature child deaths. Third-world ordeveloping nations, however, have seen a spike in communicable,maternal, nutritional, and child-related diseases. The Institutefor Health Metrics and Evaluation implemented the Global Burden ofDisease (GBD) study to systematically address health concernsrelated to a number of demographic characteristics. The 2010 GBDstudy found that the average life expectancy has increased 35 yearssince 1970 for many industrialized nations, but negligibleimprovement in life expectancy in developing nations such as thosein sub-Saharan Africa.

1-Why is it important to research and understand theepidemiological transition of diseases across the world?

2-What are some potential factors that may help explain thestatic nature of life expentancy in nations such those in sub-Saharan Africa?

3- Identify and explain the factors related to the rise ofnoncommunicable diseases in industrialized nations such as theUnited States?

4- What could be a potencially helpful strategy for reducingdeath related to communicable diseases in poorer nations?