The introduction of certified organic products will be expensive. Preliminary estimates indicate that Grace will need to invest $80 million in production and processing facilities. The company hopes to finance the expansion by using $30 million of its own liquid assets and $50 million in new debt in the form of bonds with a maturity of twenty years. Grace expects the bonds to receive a rating of Aa1 or better from Moody's.

For all questions, assume a par value is $1,000 and semiannual bond interest payments.

a)A company like Grace Kennedy recently issued at par bonds with a coupon rate of 5.8% and a maturity of twenty years. Moody's rated the bonds Aa1 and Standard & Poor's awarded them AA. What rate of return (yield to maturity) did investors require on these bonds if the bonds are sold at par value?

b)Grace has one outstanding bond issue with a coupon of 8% which will mature in five years. The bond now sells for $1,141.69. What is the yield to maturity on these bonds?

c)Based on your answers to Questions 1 and 2, what coupon rate should Grace offer if it wants to realize $50 million from the bond issue and to sell the bonds as close to par value as possible?

d)Suppose Grace offers a coupon rate of 6% on its twenty-year bonds, expecting to sell the bonds at par. What will happen to the price of a single bond with a par value of $1,000 if the required bond yield unexpectedly falls to 5% or rises to 7%?

e)How much money will Grace realize from its $50 million bond issue if the actual yield is either 5% or 7%? Hint: Refer to your answers to part C and ignore selling costs.

PLEASE SHOW WORKINGS