The most frequently used approach to defending a company's present position involves actions

a. displaying a strong bias for swift, decisive, and overwhelming actions to overpower rivals

b. employing the element of surprise as opposed to doing what rivals expect and are prepared for

c. creating and deploying company resources in ways that cause rivals to struggle to defend themselves

d. focusing on building competitive advantage and then striving to convert in into a sustainable advantage

e. restricting a challenger's options for initiating a competitive attack