The Optical Scam Company has forecast a sales growth rate of $25$ percent for next year. Current assets, fixed assets, and short$-$term debt are proportional to sales. The current financial statements are shown here:

INCOME STATEMENT

Sales $ $30,900,000$

Costs $26,000,300$

Taxable income $ $4,899,700$

Taxes $1,714,895$

Net income $ $3,184,805$

Dividends $ $1,273,922$

Addition to retained earnings $1,910,883$

BALANCE SHEET

Assets Liabilities and Equity

Current assets $ $7,250,000$ Short$-$term debt $ $5,562,000$

Fixed assets $17,161,000$ Long$-$term debt $5,253,000$

Common stock $ $2,837,000$

Accumulated retained earnings $10,759,000$

Total equity $ $13,596,000$

Total assets $ $24,411,000$ Total liabilities and equity $ $24,411,000$

a$.$ Calculate the external funds needed for next year using the equation from the chapter.

Note: Do not round intermediate calculations.

b$-1.$ Prepare the firm$$s pro forma balance sheet for next year.

Note: Do not round intermediate calculations.

b$-2.$ Calculate the external funds needed.

Note: Do not round intermediate calculations.

c$.$ Calculate the sustainable growth rate for the company based on the current financial statements.

Note: Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to $2$ decimal places, e$.$g$.,32\mathrm{.}16.$