There are 5 alternate hypotheses listed below. For each one, do the following:

• Construct the corresponding null hypothesis
• State whether it is directional or non-directional ; and
• State whether it is one-tailed or a two-tailed

a.Maximum-security prisons have a higher mean assault rate than do minimum security ones.

b.Police officers who receive more citizen complaints have higher rates of serious misconduct.

c.The type of sentence received by juvenile defendants is affected by their race.

d. People who drive cars in bad condition are more likely than those who drive nice cars to be pulled over by police.

e. Type of defense attorney influences the speed of case processing