These tests are intended for undergraduate students in college or those under 18 years of age.

Read these directions carefully!

• The below test includes 10 questions, randomly selected from a large inventory. Most questions will be different each time you take the test,
• You mustanswer at least 9 out of 10 questions correctlyto receive your Certificate.
• You have 40 minutes to complete each test, and you must answer all 10 questions in order to to see your results. If you do not pass this test in 40 minutes, you can begin a new test. Most people complete this test in less than 15 minutes.
• Youonly get 1 attempt to have each particular test evaluated(e.g., if you try using the Back button and change something, you will not get another evaluation for this test).
• If thestudent version contains BOTH word-for-word and paraphrasing plagiarism, you should select word-for-word.
• If you need help,see this documentwhich provides criteria for determining plagiarism that are used in this test.
• Privacy notice: If you pass a test, unique information displayed on your Certificate is also stored in a secure location.

Item 1

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Computer-mediated learning products-whether they are guided practice exercises, tutorials, simulations, games, hypertext, multimedia or Web documents merely carry out the directives (rules. programs, scripts. mark-ups) from a human tutor who originally designed the particular instructional or informational system and its subject matter.A computer system has no idea of the meanings of the messages(i.e., groups of "signs") being sent back and forth between the tutor and students. A computer system is a medium which conveys those human messages. References: Frick, T. (1997). Artificially intelligent tutoring systems: what computers can and can't know.Journal of Educational Computing Research, 16(2), 107-124. Web supplement. [R&T]

The role of a computer-based instructional system is to deliver messages to learners. Those messages originated from a human tutor who developed the instruction. Computer systems do not understand these messages which comprise the instruction, student responses, and feedback during the learning process. A computer is merely a conduit for the exchange of messages between student and teacher. A computer system has no idea of the meanings of the messages. References: Frick, T. (1997). Artificially intelligent tutoring systems: what computers can and can't know.Journal of Educational Computing Research, 16(2), 107-124. Web supplement. [R&T]

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 2

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Memory is given a prominent role in the learning process. Learning results when information is stored in memory in an organized, meaningful manner. Teachers/designers are responsible for assisting learners in organizing that information in some optimal way.Designers use techniques such as advance organizers, analogies, hierarchical relationships, and matrices to help learners relate new information to prior knowledge. Forgetting is the inability to retrieve information from memory because of interference, memory loss, or missing or inadequate cues needed to access information. References: Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (1993). Behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism: Comparing critical features from an instructional design perspective.Performance Improvement Quarterly,6(4), 50-71.

Memory takes an important role in the process of learning. Learning occurs when information is integrated into student memory in a structured and meaningful way. Teachers can help students learn by arranging that information in useful ways. Advance organizers could be used to assist learners to connect existing knowledge to new knowledge. References: Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (1993). Behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism: Comparing critical features from an instructional design perspective.Performance Improvement Quarterly,6(4), 50-71.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 3

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Learning is a complex set of processes that may vary according to the developmental level of the learner, the nature of the task, and the context in which the learning is to occur. As already indicated, no one theory can capture all the variables involved in learning. References: Gredler, M. E. (2001).Learning and instruction: Theory into practice(4th Ed.). Upper Saddle, NJ: Prentice-Hall. A learning theory, there, comprisesa set of constructs linking observed changes in performance with what is thought to bring about those changes. References: Driscoll, M. P. (2000).Psychology of learning for instruction(2nd Ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

A learning theory is made up of "a set of constructs linking observed changes in performance with whatever is thought to bring about those changes" (Driscoll, 2000). Therefore, since "learning is a complex set of processes that may vary according to the developmental level of the learner, the nature of the task, and the context in which the learning is to occur, it is apparent that no one theory can capture all the variables involved in learning" (Gredler, 2001).

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 4

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

In contrast to the transmittal model illustrated by the classroom lecture-note taking scenario, the constructivist model places students at the center of the process--actively participating in thinking and discussing ideas while making meaning for themselves. And the professor, instead ofbeing the "sage on the stage," functions asa "guide on the side," facilitating learning in less directive ways. References: King, A. (1993). From sage on the stage to guide on the side.College Teaching, 41, 30-35.

Considering the major changes and shifts in educational needs of today's society, the need for a new paradigm of education has emerged. This new paradigm of education requires a major change in the role of teachers from being the sage on the stage to a guide on the side, facilitating learning in less directive ways. References: King, A. (1993). From sage on the stage to guide on the side.College Teaching, 41, 30-35.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 5

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

I accept the point that whenever learning occurs, some medium or mix of media must be present to deliver instruction. However,if learning occurs as a result of exposure to any media, the learning is caused by the instructional method embedded in the media presentation.Method is the inclusion of one of a number of possible representations of a cognitive process or strategy that is necessary for learning but which students cannot or will not provide for themselves. References: Clark, R. E. (1994). Media will never influence learning.Educational technology research and development,42(2), 21-29.

Media do not influence learning. Learning takes place because of the instructional methods represented in the medium which are used, rather than medium itself. It is the instructional methods which influence learning. References: Clark, R. E. (1994). Media will never influence learning.Educational technology research and development,42(2), 21-29.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 6

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

The study of learning derives from essentially two sources.Because learning involves the acquisition of knowledge,the first concerns the nature of knowledge and how we come to know things....The second source in which modern learning theory is rooted concerns the nature and representation of mental life. References: Driscoll, M. P. (2000).Psychology of learning for instruction(2nd Ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Driscoll (2000) concludes that "the study of learning derives from essentially two sources... The first concerns the nature of knowledge and how we come to know things.... The second ... concerns the nature and representation of mental life" (p. 10). References: Driscoll, M. P. (2000).Psychology of learning for instruction(2nd Ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 7

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

There is a design methodology called rapid prototyping, which has been used successfully in software engineering. Given similarities between software design and instructional design,we argue that rapid prototyping is a viable method for instructional design, especially for computer-based instruction. References: Tripp, S. D., & Bichelmeyer, B. A. (1990). Rapid prototyping: An alternative instructional design strategy.Educational Technology Research and Development, 38(1), 31-44.

Rapid prototyping could be an advantageous methodology for developing innovative computer-based instruction (Tripp & Bichelmeyer, 1990). References: Tripp, S. D., & Bichelmeyer, B. A. (1990). Rapid prototyping: An alternative instructional design strategy.Educational Technology Research and Development, 38(1), 31-44.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 8

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Major changes within organizations are usually initiatedby those who are in power. Such decision-makers sponsor the change and then appoint someone else - perhaps the director of training - to be responsible for implementing and managing change. Whether the appointed change agent is in training development or not,there is often the implicit assumption that training will "solve the problem." And, indeed, training may solve part of the problem.... The result is that potentially effective innovations suffer misuse, or even no use, in the hands of uncommitted users. References: Dormant, D. (1986). The ABCDs of managing change.In Introduction to Performance Technology(p. 238-256). Washington, D.C.: National Society of Performance and Instruction.

When major changes are initiated in organizations, "... there is often the implicit assumption that training will 'solve the problem.' And, indeed, training may solve part of the problem." (Dormant, 1986, p. 238). References: Dormant, D. (1986). The ABCDs of managing change. InIntroduction to Performance Technology(p. 238-256). Washington, D.C.: National Society of Performance and Instruction.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 9

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

The study of learning derives from essentially two sources. Because learning involves the acquisition of knowledge,the first concerns the nature of knowledge and how we come to know things.... The second source in which modern learning theory is rooted concerns the nature and representation of mental life. References: Driscoll, M. P. (2000).Psychology of learning for instruction(2nd Ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

There are two sources that serve as the foundation for conducting research on learning. The first source addresses characteristics of knowledge itself and the different ways in which we learn things. The second source focuses on what goes on in our minds and how that is theoretically represented. References: Driscoll, M. P. (2000).Psychology of learning for instruction(2nd Ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 10

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Instructional designers typically employ models to guide their day-to-day work. Due to the increased practice of the systematic design of instruction in a growing number of settings, available models become more and more proliferated, focusing on particular types and contexts of learning, particular groups of learners or designers, or particular instructional units (either whole curricula or individual modules or lessons.) The main goal of any instructional design process is to construct a learning environment in order to provide learners with the conditions that support desired learning processes. References: Merrinboer, J. J. van. (1997).Training complex cognitive skills.Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.

The main goal of any instructional design process is to construct a learning environment in order to provide learners with the conditions that support desired learning processes (van Merrinboer, 1997, p. 2). Process models proliferate because more and more designers generate models that focus on specific contexts, learners, or even units of instruction, according to van Merrinboer. References: Merrinboer, J. J. van. (1997).Training complex cognitive skills.Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints