This assignment pertains to Chapters $1$ and $2$ of Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change $(10{?}^{th}$ Ed$.)$ by M$.$ Silberberg and P$.$ Amateis. Do your work on separate sheets of paper. Clearly indicate your answer with a box or circle. STAPLE THIS PAGE TO THE FRONT OF YOUR ASSIGNMENT.

Elemental nitrogen is a colorless gas at room temperature. Under typical conditions, its density is $1\mathrm{.}15\frac{g}{L}.$ Elemental oxygen is also a gas at room temperature. The density of oxygen gas is $1\mathrm{.}31\frac{g}{L}.$ Under extreme conditions, nitrogen can react with oxygen to produce brown nitrogen dioxide gas.

a$.$ There is only one chemical property in the list above. State what it is$.$ Explain.

b$.$ None of the properties listed is an extensive property. Explain why not.

c$.$ Calculate the volume of $2\mathrm{.}50g$ of nitrogen and the volume of $2\mathrm{.}50g$ oxygen using the densities give here.

One trip around the track at American River College is $40233\mathrm{.}6cm.$

a$.$ How many significant figures does this number have?

b$.$ Give the distance with only $2$ significant figures. $($Do not change the units.$)$

c$.$ Give the distance with only $3$ significant figures. $($Do not change the units.$)$

d$.$ Give the distance with only $4$ significant figures. $($Do not change the units.$)$

e$.$ Repeat parts b$.,$ c$.,$ and d$,$ but give the answers in scientific notation.

f$.$ Convert the distance to kilometers. Give the answer with $3$ significant figures.

Bowling balls are carefully made. Each has an exact diameter of $8\mathrm{.}500in.$ A typical bowling ball weighs about $14\mathrm{.}0$ pounds.

a$.$ Convert the weight to mass and report it in grams.

b$.$ Convert the diameter to centimeters and then calculate the volume of a bowling ball.

c$.$ Report the density of a bowling ball in $\frac{g}{c}{m}^3$ with the correct number of significant figures based on the values given for mass and volume.

Problem $1\mathrm{.}20.$ List each of the three procedures before you state if it would decrease random error. $($This problem is found at the end of Chapter $1$ in the "Problems" section of the chapter $1$ on the e$-$book. Please let me know if you have trouble finding it$.)$

A student is trying to determine whether a solvent is benzene $(0\mathrm{.}877\frac{g}{c}{m}^3)$ or acetone $($density $0\mathrm{.}785\frac{g}{c}{m}^3)$ measures out $31mL$ of a liquid solvent in a $50mL$ graduated cylinder that has $+-1mL$ error. The mass of the liquid sample is $24\mathrm{.}331g.$ Assuming that the balance has only a $0\mathrm{.}001g$ error.

a$.$ Using the uncertainty in the volume, calculate the possible range of masses of the solvent. You should have a high and a low mass for each solvent. $[$Hint: To do this add the error to the volume to get the highest possible volume. Multiply by density. Subtract the error from the volume to get the lowest possible volume. Multiply by density.$]$

b$.$ Which solvent is present? Explain

When $136\mathrm{.}62g$ of pure copper reacts with $610\mathrm{.}05g$ of iodine, $682\mathrm{.}29g$ of a light brown compound containing only copper and iodine result. $64\mathrm{.}38g$ of iodine remain when the reaction is complete.

a$.$ Do these results support the Law of Conservation of Mass? Explain

b$.$ Another student heats $68\mathrm{.}58$ of copper with $112\mathrm{.}94g$ of iodine. The product is a white compound with mass of $169\mathrm{.}50g$ with $12\mathrm{.}03g$ of copper left over. Since the two products look different, they are different compounds. Prove that these two experiments together support the Law of multiple proportions.