Thoroughly discuss the following concepts and why each they are important in order for leaders to lead and manage people in 21st century:

Four valid, different, but complementary ways of thinking or learning that leaders & managers must cultivate:

1.Scientific thinking which tends to be analytical and reductionist

2.Systems thinking which tends to be synthetic and holistic

3. Hermeneutical thinking which emphasizes the nature of mind and time & sees the self-referential place of the knower in knowing

4. Historical thinking which understands the meaning of events in time