True$/$False Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

$\_\_\_\_1.$ OpenGL is used in movies in Hollywood, scientific research, and games, on all platforms.

DirectX means Windows or Xbox and no movies.

$\_\_\_\_2.$ Every program we wrote was preceded with:

#include

$\_\_\_\_3.$ To make a screen of $($say$)1000$x$1000$ pixels more manageable in terms of graphics, one principle we use $($in some programs$)$ in our class coding in C$++$ is to just treat it as cells of say $10$x$10$ or $20$x$20$ or $40$x$40...$or upto $100$x$100$ and then use discrete rather than continuous motion.

$\_\_\_\_4.$ Single buffering improves smooth continious motion rendering and reduces flick.

By having fewer buffers, you can focus on the screen state and appearance, rather than wasting compute time on many buffers all over the place. Taking care of two buffers cuts the time you have on the screen buffer in half. For quality animation, a single buffer streamlines the rendering and focusses on that single screen. Double buffering was only needed in the past.

$\_\_\_\_5.$ VGA graphics modes provide all the screen resolution we need.$$ The human eye cannot see higher resolution than VGA from $1987,$ henceVGA is the standard even now.

$\_\_\_\_6.$ True color $(24$ bit color pixels$)$ provides the maximal color needed for all human vision.$$

The human eye can only see a subset of the$$

So more bits per pixels would be a waste for a computer screen. This remains the standard to this day.

$$

Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

$\_\_\_\_7.$ To move a car sprite one pixel to the left, the command to move it is $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

$($Pick the answer closest to what we did in class.$)$

a$.$ car$1.$x$++$ e$.$ left$($car$1)$

b$.$ car$1.$x$--$ f$.$ car$1.$left$()$

c$.$ car$1.$y $++$ g$.$ car$1->$left

d$.$ car$1.$y $--$ h$.$ car$1->$right

$\_\_\_\_8.$ In a fish tank game, you killed the dangerous shark and the dead fish must go down.

To move a fish sprite one pixel downward, the command to move it is $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

$($Pick the answer closest to what we did in class.$)$

a$.$ fish$1.$x$++$ e$.$ down$($fish$1)$

b$.$ fish$1.$x$--$ f$.$ fish$1.$down$()$

c$.$ fish$1.$y $++$ g$.$ fish$1->$down

d$.$ fish$1.$y $--$ h$.$ sleep$\_$with$\_$the$\_$fishes$()$

$\_\_\_\_9.$ For combat realism, $\_\_\_\_\_\_$ captures the suspense, graphics, and feel of modern warfare in $3$D$.$

a$.$ Tank Wars $($in the Harboure book$)$ e$.$ Pacman

b$.$ Battlefield $2$ f$.$ Frogger

c$.$ Doom g$.$ Sim City

d$.$ King$$s Quest h$.$ Starship Battles

$\_\_\_\_10.$ Sprites and bitmaps are least needed in $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_,$ where geometric primitive $2$D functions $($like rectfill$())$ are sufficient for every image rendering.

a$.$ GTA$1$ e$.$ Pacman

b$.$ Battlefield $2$ f$.$ Call of Duty

c$.$ Doom g$.$ Sim City

d$.$ King$$s Quest h$.$ Starship Battles

$\_\_\_\_11.\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ and $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$are cross platform for graphics $($and open$-$source$),$ while $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ is very limiting$.$

a$.$ DirectX, OpenGL,$$ Allegro e$.$ OpenGL, Borland, DirectX

b$.$ DirectX, Allegro,$$ OpenGL f$.$ OpenGL, DirectX, Allegro

c$.$ Allegro,$$ OpenGL, DirectX g$.$ None of the other answers

d$.$ Allegro, DirectX,$$ OpenGL h$.$ Borland, DirectX, Allegro

$\_\_\_\_12.$ In class, for sprite editing, we used $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$

a$.$ Photoshop e$.$ Sprites v$2\mathrm{.}1$

b$.$ GIMP f$.$ Notepad$++$

c$.$ Deluxe Paint and Deluxe Animation g$.$ Illustrator

d$.$ Irfanview h$.$ Windows Paint

$\_\_\_\_13.$ What programming language did we use, based on the Harbour book?

a$.$ C $/$C$++$ e$.$ DirectX

b$.$ Pascal f$.$ Python

c$.$ Assembly Language g$.$ Java

d$.$ Fortran h$.$ JavaScript

$\_\_\_\_14.$ Which of the following is a popular strategy game for the PC$?$

a$.$ Counter$-$Strike e$.$ Pacman

b$.$ Splinter Cell f$.$ Frogger

c$.$ Civilization IV g$.$ Doom

d$.$ Advance Wars h$.$ Rex Nebular

$\_\_\_\_15.$ To make random numbers, we need:

a$.$ #include e$.$ #include

b$.$ #include f$.$ #include

c$.$ #include g$.$ #include

d$.$ #include h$.$ #include

$\_\_\_\_16.$ To get a red$-$circle to appear in the south$-$east corner of a $640$x$480$ screen, we need:$$

a$.$ circlefill$($screen$,0,0,20,$ color$)$;

b$.$ circlefill$($screen$,40,40,20,$ color$)$;

c$.$ circlefill$($screen$,40,440,20,$ color$)$;

d$.$ circlefill$($screen$,0,440,20,$ color$)$;

e$.$ circlefill$($screen$,620,0,20,$ color$)$;

f$.$ circlefill$($screen$,620,440,20,$ color$)$;

g$.$ circlefill$($screen$,320,220,20,$ color$)$;

h$.$ circlefill$($screen$,900,500,20,$ color$)$;

$\_\_\_\_17.$ What is the term used to describe scalable line$-$based graphics?

a$.$ Vector e$.$ Linear

b$.$ Bitmap f$.$ Raster

c$.$ Polygon g$.$ CRT

d$.$ Pixel h$.$ LCD

$\_\_\_\_18.$ What function is used to create a custom $24-$ or $32-$bit color?

a$.$ rgb e$.$ fill

b$.$ color f$.$ pallette

c$.$ floodfill g$.$ gencol

d$.$ paint h$.$ makecol

$\_\_\_\_19.$ What function is used to draw filled rectangles?

a$.$ Dzozer$$s pyrimid$()$ e$.$ floodfillrect$()$

b$.$ rectfill$()$ f$.$ rectify$()$

c$.$ fillrect$()$ g$.$ colorize$()$

d$.$ fillrectangle$()$ h$.$ constipate$()$

$\_\_\_\_20.$ What functio