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1. One of the capabilities that makes object-oriented programming so powerful is inheritance because it allows programmers to model real-world relationships.

   Answer the following two questions:

   1. What are the benefits of inheriting one or more derived classes from a base class? What are the drawbacks?
   2. The base class PatientRecord contains a variable X declared as private, a variable Y declared as protected, and a variable Z declared as public. The classes InsuredPatientRecord and UninsuredPatientRecord both derive from PatientRecord. Which of the base class's variables, if any, can the derived classes access? Why?

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