Unix has the concept of a “hard link” and a “soft link”. Explain how a Unix file-system implements each type of link.

Based on the file-system implementation discussed above explain why Unix does not allow a “hard link” to a directory but will allow a “soft link” to a directory.

When copying a file to a USB flash drive on a Unix system it is extremely important to unmount the flash drive before removing the device. Explain why. If the USB flash drive is removed before unmounting then the copied file will normally appear on the flash drive’s file system (have a directory entry and an inode) but will be empty. Explain why the file meta data is copied synchronously but the file data is copied asynchronously.