Walmart offers many different private$-$label brands including Sam$$s Choice, Equate, and Ol$$ Roy. Overall, what is the primary reason that Walmart would offer these and other private$-$label brands?

a$.$

reduced marketing costs

b$.$

increased profit margin

c$.$

lower inventory costs

d$.$

lowers the risk of a product failure

e$.$

enhances Walmart$$s image