Water at 60 C is being pumped from an open water reservoir at the rate of 2.0 kg/s to an open storage tank (1500 m away), in which the water temperature stays at 40 C. The pipe used is 3 -in. Schedule 40 pipe and the frictional losses in the system are 625 J/kg. The surface of the water reservoir is 20 m above the level of the storage tank. (3 -in. Schedule 40 pipe dimensions: I.D. = 90.12 mm, 0.D. = 101.6 mm, wall thickness = 5.74 mm). Density of Water (pH20) @ 40 C) = 992.25 kg/m ; Density of Water (pH20)@ 60 C) = 983.24 kg/m3; Viscosity of Water ( H2o) @ 40 C) = 6.560*104 kg.m/s;

Viscosity of Water (H20) @ 60 C) = 4.688*104 kg.m/s.

i) Calculate the Reynolds number in the pipeline. Is the flow laminar or turbulent?

ii) If the frictional losses (F) in the pipeline is found as 625 J/kg, calculate Ws of the pump in J/kg by making a mechanical-energy balance.

iii)estimate the total heat loss (Qloss) in kj/kg within the pipeline. Use Hwater(@ 60 C)=251.15 kj/kg and Hwater (@40 C)= 167.54 kj/kg.